Thrombosis is the main cause of failure of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts when used for by-pass procedures. The development of bioresorbable vascular scaffolds with localized and sustained intra-luminal antithrombotic drug release could be considered a desirable improvement towards a valuable solution for this relevant clinical need. For this aim, we present the fabrication and characterization of aspirin-loaded electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) tubular scaffolds as a vascular drug-delivery graft. Three different drug concentrations were considered (i.e., 1, 5 or 10 % w/w). Although a fibrous structure was clearly observed for all the collected scaffolds, aspirin content was directly implied in the final microstructure leading to a bimodal fiber diameter distribution and fused fibers at crossing-points (5 or 10 % w/w). Mechanical response highlighted a direct relationship for modulus and stress at break with the aspirin content, while the elongation at break was not remarkably different for the investigated cases. The temporal drug release was strongly dependent from the amount of loaded aspirin, reaching a steady state release after about 50 h. Finally, the adhesion assay confirmed the capability of the electrospun scaffolds to reduce platelet adhesion/aggregation onto aspirin loaded polymeric fibers. Aspirin-loaded electrospun tubular scaffold could represent a feasible candidate to develop a novel bioresorbable drug-releasing graft for small-diameter vessel replacements.

译文

血栓形成是用于旁路手术时小直径合成血管移植物失败的主要原因。开发具有局部和持续的腔内抗血栓药物释放的生物可吸收血管支架可被认为是针对此相关临床需求的有价值解决方案的理想改进。为此,我们介绍了负载阿司匹林的电纺聚 (ε-己内酯) 管状支架作为血管药物递送移植物的制备和表征。考虑三种不同的药物浓度 (即1、5或10% w/w)。尽管对于所有收集的支架都清楚地观察到纤维结构,但在最终微结构中直接隐含阿司匹林含量,导致双峰纤维直径分布和在交叉点处的融合纤维 (5或10% w/w)。机械响应强调了模量和断裂应力与阿司匹林含量的直接关系,而断裂伸长率在所研究的情况下没有显着差异。暂时的药物释放强烈依赖于阿司匹林的载量,约50小时后达到稳定状态释放。最后,粘附试验证实了电纺支架减少血小板粘附/聚集在阿司匹林负载的聚合物纤维上的能力。阿司匹林负载的电纺管状支架可能是开发用于小直径血管置换的新型生物可吸收药物释放移植物的可行候选者。

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