The antimicrobial susceptibility of 718 isolates of Salmonella from humans and of 688 isolates from animals was examined. Of the 46 different serotypes among the isolates from humans, Salmonella typhimurium accounted for 34%. Thirty percent of isolates were resistant to one or more antibiotic(s). Resistance to streptomycin was most common; resistance to tetracycline was next most common. Over 50% of isolates of S. typhimurium and Salmonella newport were resistant to four antibiotics. Resistance to tetracycline, kanamycin, and ampicillin has increased steadily during the past decade. Most strains possessed R-factors, and resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and kanamycin (but not that to cephalothin) was transferable. Among the salmonellae commonly isolated from humans, only Salmonella enteritidis showed limited resistance to antibiotics (5.8%). Antibiotic resistance of isolates of S. typhimurium, Salmonella saint-paul, and Salmonella heidelberg from animals was similar to the resistance of isolates from humans. Resistance to kanamycin increased markedly over the level noted in previous studies. R-factor prevalence was high. Antibiograms of the isolates from animals and humans were similar, although some patterns were seen only in isolates from one source. Ampicillin resistance was more common in human isolates, and resistance to tetracycline, sulfonamide, and streptomycin was more common in animal isolates. Salmonellae of serotypes other than S. typhimurium that came from humans were less resistant to all antibiotics than were isolates from animals.

译文

检查了来自人类的718株沙门氏菌和来自动物的688株的抗菌敏感性。在来自人类的分离株中,46种不同的血清型中,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌占34%。30% 的分离株对一种或多种抗生素耐药。对链霉素的耐药性最常见; 对四环素的耐药性次之。超过50% 的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和纽波特沙门氏菌分离株对四种抗生素耐药。在过去的十年中,对四环素,卡那霉素和氨苄青霉素的耐药性稳步上升。大多数菌株具有R因子,并且对氨苄西林,链霉素,磺胺恶唑,四环素,氯霉素和卡那霉素的抗性 (但对头孢菌素不具有抗性) 是可转移的。在通常从人类分离的沙门氏菌中,只有肠炎沙门氏菌对抗生素表现出有限的耐药性 (5.8%)。动物鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,圣保罗沙门氏菌和海德堡沙门氏菌分离株的抗生素耐药性与人类分离株的耐药性相似。对卡那霉素的耐药性明显高于先前研究中指出的水平。R因子患病率很高。尽管仅在一种来源的分离物中看到某些模式,但来自动物和人类的分离物的抗菌素图相似。氨苄西林耐药性在人类分离株中更为常见,而对四环素,磺酰胺和链霉素的耐药性在动物分离株中更为常见。来自人类的除鼠伤寒沙门氏菌以外的血清型沙门氏菌对所有抗生素的抵抗力均低于来自动物的分离株。

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