Proteins of the fast component of axonal transport were analyzed by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the guinea pig spiral ganglion, which has its cell bodies in the cochlea and its axons in the eighth cranial nerve projecting to the ipsilateral cochlear nucleus. We found that we could easily identify the proteins of the fast component even though these axons are only about 3 mm long because the cochlea minimized diffusion of labeled precursor into the cochlear nucleus. The composition of the fast component of the spiral ganglion cells was similar, but not identical, to the fast component of guinea pig retinal ganglion cells. One difference was the predominance in the spiral ganglion cell fast component of a rapidly turned-over glycoprotein (RTGP) with a molecular weight of 110,000-140,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.0 RTGP accumulated in the cochlear nucleus for just the first 3 hr after the application of the labeled precursor and then rapidly disappeared, whereas the other major fast component polypeptides continued to accumulate for 12-24 hr. RTGP was also tentatively identified in the fast component of retinal ganglion cells, but was not as prominently labeled relative to the other fast-component proteins in those cells. The rapid disappearance of RTGP from spiral ganglion cell terminals in the cochlear nucleus may be a result of secretion, perhaps as part of a synaptic vesicle, or retrograde transport as a feedback signal. The difference in the relative amounts of RTGP found in spiral ganglion and retinal ganglion cell terminals may reflect differences in the fundamental properties of the two groups of neurons.

译文

通过一维和二维聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳在豚鼠螺旋神经节中分析了轴突转运快速成分的蛋白质,该神经节的细胞体在耳蜗中,其在第八颅神经中的轴突投射到同侧耳蜗核。我们发现,即使这些轴突仅约3毫米长,我们也可以轻松识别快速成分的蛋白质,因为耳蜗使标记的前体扩散到耳蜗核中最小化。螺旋神经节细胞的快速成分的组成与豚鼠视网膜神经节细胞的快速成分相似,但不完全相同。一个区别是快速翻转糖蛋白 (RTGP) 的螺旋神经节细胞快速成分的优势,其分子量为110,000-140,000,等电点为5.0 RTGP,仅在耳蜗核中积累了最初的3小时后,标记的前体,然后迅速消失,而其他主要的快速成分多肽继续积累12-24小时。RTGP也在视网膜神经节细胞的快速成分中初步鉴定,但相对于这些细胞中的其他快速成分蛋白而言,标记不明显。RTGP从耳蜗核的螺旋神经节细胞末端迅速消失可能是分泌的结果,可能是突触小泡的一部分,或者是作为反馈信号的逆行运输。在螺旋神经节和视网膜神经节细胞末端中发现的RTGP相对量的差异可能反映了两组神经元基本特性的差异。

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