Even if the number of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) cases from Kinshasa province in DRC is going towards elimination for the last decade, cases still occur in the periphery of the city. The diagnosis of 21 cases in the south periphery of Kinshasa, between 2015 and 2017 gives evidence of the existence of an active focus in this area. Here, we present the results of a punctual entomological survey that was realized in july 2014 in the outskirts of the southeast of Kinshasa. Using pyramidal traps, we caught tsetse flies during 2 days, dissecting the fresh ones for further molecular analysis. The average Apparent Density of flies per Trap and per Day was three with a maximum of 5.6 flies in Nganda PIO. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the midguts provided evidence of a high prevalence (57.2%) of infected flies. Ninety three percent of the trypanosomes that were identified belonged to the Nanomonas species, but Trypanozoon trypanosomes were also present in 24% of the infected flies, including mixed infections with Nanomonas, including 3 flies carrying Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the human pathogen of trypanosomiasis. These results show that at the time of the field's study there was an active reservoir of trypanosomes, closed to pigsties, knowing that pig is a potential animal reservoir. It also demonstrates that xenomonitoring using the entomological approach can be an efficient tool for monitoring sleeping sickness. Finally, results are discussed in the frame of WHO's HAT elimination project. Regarding Kinshasa, it points out the need of regular epidemiologic surveys.

译文

即使在过去十年中,来自刚果民主共和国金沙萨省的非洲人类锥虫病 (HAT) 病例数量正在消除,但仍在该市外围发生。在金沙萨,2015年和2017南部外围的21例病例的诊断证明该地区存在积极的重点。在这里,我们介绍了在金沙萨东南部郊区的2014年7月进行的准时昆虫学调查的结果。使用金字塔形诱捕器,我们在2天内捕获了采采蝇,解剖了新鲜的捕蝇以进行进一步的分子分析。在Nganda PIO中,每个陷阱和每天果蝇的平均表观密度为3只,最多5.6只果蝇。中胆的聚合酶链反应分析提供了受感染果蝇的高患病率 (57.2%) 的证据。鉴定出的90个锥虫体3% 属于纳米单胞菌,但在24% 感染的果蝇中也存在锥虫锥虫体,包括与纳米单胞菌的混合感染,包括3只携带锥虫病人类病原体布鲁氏锥虫的果蝇。这些结果表明,在野外研究时,知道猪是潜在的动物储存库,它对猪封闭。它还表明,使用昆虫学方法进行异种监测可以是监测昏睡病的有效工具。最后,在WHO's HAT消除项目的框架内讨论了结果。关于金沙萨,它指出需要定期进行流行病学调查。

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