Haem-containing proteins such as haemoglobin and myoglobin play an essential role in oxygen transport and storage. Comparison of the amino-acid sequences of globins from Bacteria and Eukarya suggests that they share an early common ancestor, even though the proteins perform different functions in these two kingdoms. Until now, no members of the globin family have been found in the third kingdom, Archaea. Recent studies of biological signalling in the Bacteria and Eukarya have revealed a new class of haem-containing proteins that serve as sensors. Until now, no haem-based sensor has been described in the Archaea. Here we report the first myoglobin-like, haem-containing protein in the Archaea, and the first haem-based aerotactic transducer in the Bacteria (termed HemAT-Hs for the archaeon Halobacterium salinarum, and HemAT-Bs for Bacillus subtilis). These proteins exhibit spectral properties similar to those of myoglobin and trigger aerotactic responses.

译文

含血红素的蛋白质,如血红蛋白和肌红蛋白,在氧气运输和储存中起着至关重要的作用。来自细菌和真核生物的球蛋白的氨基酸序列的比较表明,即使蛋白质在这两个王国中具有不同的功能,它们也具有早期的共同祖先。直到现在,在第三王国古菌 (Archaea) 中还没有发现珠蛋白家族的成员。最近对细菌和真核生物中的生物信号传导的研究揭示了一类新的含血红素的蛋白质作为传感器。到目前为止,古细菌中还没有描述过基于血红素的传感器。在这里,我们报告了古细菌中第一个类似肌红蛋白的含血红素的蛋白质,以及细菌中第一个基于血红素的航空趋化换能器 (古细菌盐藻称为HemAT-Hs,枯草芽孢杆菌称为HemAT-Bs)。这些蛋白质表现出与肌红蛋白相似的光谱特性,并触发了航空反应。

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