Genetic diversity in 92 sugarcane varieties of sub-tropical India was assessed using 30 morphological descriptors and 643 simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker loci. Out of the 30 morphological descriptors, 14 were found polymorphic, and significant variability was recorded for plant height, cane diameter and number of millable canes. Grouping traits like plant growth habit, leaf blade curvature and leaf sheath adherence were found to be predominantly monomorphic. There were a few pairs of varieties (e.g., CoP 9702 and CoP 9302, CoP 9301 and CoSe 01424, UP 05 and Co 1336, CoS 96258 and CoH 110) that showed similar DUS profiles except differing for a few descriptors. The STRUCTURE profile suggest that all the 92 sugarcane varieties had admixtures and no sub-group had a pure unblemished structure profile. An average Nei's genetic distance of 0.49 was found to be a better measure of diversity, whereas, the average band informativeness (Ibav) value of all the 80 SSR primers was 0.434. Although, the mean Ibav values for EST-SSR and genomic-SSR primers were same (0.43), the range of Ibav of EST-SSR (0.04-0.85) was more compared to genomic-SSR (0.12-0.63) primers. The segregation of the varieties based on morphological traits was not in accordance with their geographical distribution or maturity groups, but principal component analysis was able to group the sugarcane varieties that had similar pedigree together. Results indicate that the SSRs have a potential use in the DNA fingerprinting of varieties to prevent any malpractice like unauthorised re-registration of a previously registered sugarcane variety under PPV&FR Act. The marker profiles could also be utilised for variety identification and release, since at present, it has been made mandatory to include it in addition to the morphological descriptors.

译文

使用30个形态学描述符和643个简单序列重复 (SSR) 标记基因座评估了92个亚热带印度甘蔗品种的遗传多样性。在30个形态学描述符中,有14个被发现具有多态性,并且记录了株高,甘蔗直径和可碾磨的甘蔗数量的显着变异性。发现诸如植物生长习性,叶片曲率和叶鞘粘附性等特征的分组主要是单态的。有几对品种 (例如,CoP 9702和CoP 9302,CoP 9301和CoSe 01424,UP 05和Co 1336,CoS 96258和CoH 110) 显示相似的DUS曲线,除了几个描述符不同。结构概况表明,所有92个甘蔗品种均具有外加剂,没有亚组具有纯净的无瑕疵结构概况。发现0.49的平均Nei遗传距离是更好的多样性度量,而所有80个SSR引物的平均条带信息性 (Ibav) 值为0.434。尽管EST-SSR和基因组-SSR引物的平均Ibav值相同 (0.43),但与基因组-SSR (0.12-0.63) 引物相比,EST-SSR (0.04-0.85) 的Ibav范围更大。基于形态性状的品种分离与它们的地理分布或成熟度不同,但是主成分分析能够将具有相似谱系的甘蔗品种归为一类。结果表明,ssr在品种的DNA指纹识别中具有潜在用途,以防止任何不当行为,例如根据PPV & FR法案对先前注册的甘蔗品种进行未经授权的重新注册。标记轮廓也可以用于品种鉴定和释放,因为目前,除了形态描述符之外,还必须将其包括在内。

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