Chronic sleep restriction is a common experience; and while it has negative physiological effects, little is known about how it affects human behavior. To date, no study has investigated whether chronic sleep restriction can influence implicit attitudes (e.g., towards a race). Here, in a randomized, counterbalanced crossover design, we subjected participants to 3 weeks of chronic sleep restriction in the lab (i.e., 3 weekly cycles of 5 nights of 4 hours of sleep per night followed by 2 nights of 8 hours of sleep) and found evidence for an increased negative implicit bias towards Arab Muslims. No indicators of an implicit bias were found in these same individuals when they were rested (during a counterbalanced 3-week period of 8 hours time in bed per night). These findings suggest that chronic sleep restriction may "unmask" implicit racial or ethnic biases that are otherwise inhibited when in a rested state. Because chronic sleep restriction is prevalent among many occupations that routinely interact with ethnic minorities in potentially high-conflict situations (e.g., police officers), it is critical to consider the role that restricted sleep may play in exacerbating negative implicit attitudes and their potential for provoking unintentional and potentially harmful behavioral consequences.

译文

慢性睡眠限制是一种常见的体验; 尽管它具有负面的生理影响,但对它如何影响人类行为知之甚少。迄今为止,还没有研究研究慢性睡眠限制是否会影响内隐态度 (例如,对种族)。在这里,在随机,平衡交叉设计中,我们使参与者在实验室中接受了3周的慢性睡眠限制 (即,每周3个周期,每5个晚上,每晚4个小时的睡眠,然后是2个晚上8个小时的睡眠),并发现了对阿拉伯穆斯林的负面隐性偏见增加的证据。在这些人休息时 (在每晚卧床8小时的平衡3周内),没有发现隐性偏见的指标。这些发现表明,慢性睡眠限制可能会 “掩盖” 隐性的种族或种族偏见,而这些偏见在休息状态下会受到抑制。由于慢性睡眠限制在许多职业中普遍存在,这些职业在潜在的高冲突情况下经常与少数民族互动 (例如,警察),因此至关重要的是要考虑睡眠限制在加剧消极的内隐态度及其潜在的潜在影响中发挥的作用。引发无意的和潜在的有害行为后果。

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