Neurosteroids are powerful modulators of brain function and behavior, yet their dynamics in the brain have remained elusive. Using in vivo microdialysis in male zebra finches, we found that local estradiol levels increased rapidly in the forebrain during social interactions with females. Furthermore, when males were exposed to other males' songs, local estradiol levels also increased and testosterone levels dropped in a cortical/pallial auditory region that is analogous to mammalian auditory cortex. We also found that local estradiol and testosterone levels were differentially regulated in this same region by the conventional neurotransmitters glutamate and GABA, respectively. This study provides direct evidence that forebrain steroid levels are acutely and differentially regulated during social behavior in a region-specific manner and in a rapid time course similar to that of traditional neuromodulators.

译文

神经类固醇是大脑功能和行为的强大调节剂,但它们在大脑中的动态仍然难以捉摸。在雄性斑马雀中使用体内微透析,我们发现在与雌性的社交互动中,前脑中的局部雌二醇水平迅速增加。此外,当男性暴露于其他男性的歌曲时,类似于哺乳动物听觉皮层的皮质/苍白质听觉区域的局部雌二醇水平也会升高,睾丸激素水平也会下降。我们还发现,在同一区域,常规神经递质谷氨酸和GABA分别对局部雌二醇和睾丸激素水平进行了差异调节。这项研究提供了直接证据,表明前脑类固醇水平在社交行为中以特定区域的方式和与传统神经调节剂相似的快速时间过程受到急性和差异调节。

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