Visuospatial attention theories often propose hemispheric asymmetries underlying the control of attention. In general support of these theories, previous EEG/MEG studies have shown that spatial attention is associated with hemispheric modulation of posterior alpha power (gating by inhibition). However, since measures of alpha power are typically expressed as lateralization scores, or collapsed across left and right attention shifts, the individual hemispheric contribution to the attentional control mechanism remains unclear. This is, however, the most crucial and decisive aspect in which the currently competing attention theories continue to disagree. To resolve this long-standing conflict, we derived predictions regarding alpha power modulations from Heilman's hemispatial theory and Kinsbourne's interhemispheric competition theory and tested them empirically in an EEG experiment. We used an attention paradigm capable of isolating alpha power modulation in two attentional states, namely attentional bias in a neutral cue condition and spatial orienting following directional cues. Differential alpha modulations were found for both hemispheres across conditions. When anticipating peripheral visual targets without preceding directional cues (neutral condition), posterior alpha power in the left hemisphere was generally lower and more strongly modulated than in the right hemisphere, in line with the interhemispheric competition theory. Intriguingly, however, while alpha power in the right hemisphere was modulated by both, cue-directed leftward and rightward attention shifts, the left hemisphere only showed modulations by rightward shifts of spatial attention, in line with the hemispatial theory. This suggests that the two theories may not be mutually exclusive, but rather apply to different attentional states.

译文

视觉空间注意力理论经常提出控制注意力的半球不对称。在这些理论的总体支持下,先前的EEG/MEG研究表明,空间注意力与后 α 功率的半球调制 (通过抑制进行门控) 有关。但是,由于alpha功效的度量通常表示为偏侧得分,或者在左右注意力转移时崩溃,因此单个半球对注意力控制机制的贡献仍不清楚。然而,这是目前相互竞争的注意力理论继续不同意的最关键和决定性的方面。为了解决这种长期存在的冲突,我们从Heilman的半球空间理论和Kinsbourne的半球竞争理论中得出了有关alpha功率调制的预测,并在EEG实验中对其进行了经验测试。我们使用了一种注意范例,该范例能够在两种注意状态下隔离alpha功率调制,即中性提示条件下的注意偏差和遵循方向提示的空间定向。在不同条件下,发现两个半球的差异 α 调制。根据半球间竞争理论,当预期没有先前的方向提示 (中性条件) 的周边视觉目标时,左半球的后 α 功率通常比右半球低,调制更强。然而,有趣的是,尽管右半球的alpha功率受到提示方向向左和向右的注意力转移的调节,但左半球仅显示出空间注意力向右移动的调节,这与半球空间理论一致。这表明这两种理论可能不是相互排斥的,而是适用于不同的注意状态。

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