Previous studies suggest epigenetic alterations may contribute to the association between maternal prenatal depression and adverse offspring outcomes. Developmental researchers have recently begun to examine these associations in relation to epigenetic age acceleration/deceleration, a biomarker of developmental risk that reflects the deviation between epigenetic age and chronological age. In the perinatal period, preliminary studies indicate that maternal prenatal depression may lead to epigenetic age deceleration in newborns, which may predict adverse developmental outcomes. The present study examined the relationship between maternal prenatal exposures (i.e., depression, stress, and SSRI use) and offspring epigenetic age deceleration in 303 mother-offspring dyads. Women were recruited in the first trimester of pregnancy and followed longitudinally until delivery. Maternal depression, perceived stress, and SSRI use were assessed at each prenatal visit. Newborn epigenetic age was determined via cord blood samples. Results indicated maternal prenatal stress was not associated with newborn epigenetic age deceleration (ΔR2 = 0.002; p = 0.37). Maternal prenatal depression was associated with decelerated epigenetic age (ΔR2 = 0.01, p = 0.04), but this relationship did not hold when accounting for maternal use of SSRIs (ΔR2 = 0.002, p = 0.43). Conversely, maternal SSRI use significantly predicted newborn epigenetic age deceleration over and above the influence of maternal depression (ΔR2 = 0.03, p = 0.001). These findings suggest maternal prenatal SSRI use may significantly contribute to the previously documented association between maternal prenatal depression and epigenetic age deceleration. Further studies are needed to examine how these epigenetic differences at birth may contribute to adverse outcomes in later development.

译文

先前的研究表明,表观遗传改变可能有助于孕产妇产前抑郁与不良后代结局之间的关联。发育研究人员最近开始研究与表观遗传年龄加速/减速有关的这些关联,表观遗传年龄加速/减速是发育风险的生物标志物,反映了表观遗传年龄和时间年龄之间的偏差。在围产期,初步研究表明,产妇产前抑郁可能导致新生儿表观遗传年龄减速,这可能预测不良的发育结果。本研究检查了303母体-后代二元组的母体产前暴露 (即抑郁,压力和SSRI使用) 与后代表观遗传年龄减速之间的关系。在妊娠的前三个月招募妇女,并纵向跟踪直至分娩。每次产前访视时都会评估产妇的抑郁,感知压力和SSRI的使用。通过脐带血样本确定新生儿表观遗传年龄。结果表明,孕妇产前压力与新生儿表观遗传年龄减速无关 (ΔR2 = 0.002; p = 0.37)。产妇产前抑郁与表观遗传年龄减速相关 (ΔR2 = 0.01,p = 0.04),但当考虑到产妇使用SSRIs时,这种关系不成立 (ΔR2 = 0.002,p = 0.43)。相反,母体SSRI使用显著预测的新生儿表观遗传年龄减速超过或超过母体抑郁症的影响 (ΔR2 = 0.03,p = 0.001)。这些发现表明,母亲产前使用SSRI可能会显着促进先前记录的母亲产前抑郁与表观遗传年龄减速之间的关联。需要进一步的研究来检查出生时的这些表观遗传差异如何导致后期发育的不良结果。

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