For adolescent athletes (14-18 years), data on sport nutrition knowledge, behaviors and beliefs are limited, especially based on sex, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. High school soccer players (n = 535; 55% female; 51% White, 41% Latino; 41% National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants (80% Latino)) completed two questionnaires (demographic/health history and sport nutrition). The sport nutrition knowledge score was 45.6% with higher scores in NSLP-Whites vs. NSLP-Latinos (p < 0.01). Supplement knowledge differed by sex (16% lower in females; p = 0.047) and race/ethnicity (33% lower in Latinos; p < 0.001). Breakfast consumption was 57%; females ate breakfast less (50%) than males (60%; p < 0.001); NSLP-participants ate breakfast less (47%) than non-NSLP (62%; p < 0.001). Supplement use was 46%, with Latinos using more supplements than Whites do (p = 0.016). Overall, 30% used protein shakes, with females using less than males (p = 0.02), while use was twice as likely in Latino vs. White (p = 0.03). Overall, 45% reported their nutrient requirements were different from non-athlete peers. Latinos were less likely (p = 0.03) to report that their diet met nutritional requirements, but more than twice as likely to report that nutritional supplements were necessary for training (p < 0.001). Adolescent athletes, especially females and Latinos, would benefit from sport nutrition education that enhances food selection skills for health and sport performance.

译文

对于青少年运动员 (14-18岁),有关运动营养知识,行为和信念的数据有限,尤其是基于性别,种族/种族和社会经济地位。高中足球运动员 (n = 535; 55% 女性; 51% 白人,41% 拉丁裔; 41% 国家学校午餐计划 (NSLP) 参与者 (80% 拉丁裔)) 完成了两份问卷 (人口/健康史和运动营养)。运动营养知识得分45.6%,NSLP-白人与NSLP-拉丁美洲人得分较高 (p <0.01)。补充知识因性别 (女性16% 较低; p = 0.047) 和种族/民族 (拉丁美洲人33% 较低; p < 0.001) 而异。早餐消费57%; 女性比男性少 (50%) 吃早餐 (60%; p < 0.001); NSLP参与者比非NSLP少 (47%) 吃早餐 (62%; p <0.001)。补充剂的使用是46% 的,拉丁美洲人比白人使用更多的补充剂 (p = 0.016)。总体而言,30% 使用蛋白质奶昔,女性使用的蛋白质奶昔少于男性 (p = 0.02),而拉丁美洲人与白人相比,使用的可能性是白人的两倍 (p = 0.03)。总体而言,45% 报告说他们的营养需求与非运动员同行不同。拉丁美洲人不太可能 (p = 0.03) 报告他们的饮食符合营养需求,但报告营养补充剂是培训所必需的可能性是其两倍以上 (p <0.001)。青少年运动员,特别是女性和拉丁美洲人,将受益于运动营养教育,这种教育可以提高健康和运动表现的食物选择技能。

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