Inflammatory processes affecting nasal and bronchial mucosa are similar in nature. The purpose of this study was to examine whether children with perennial allergic rhinitis, without underlying asthma, have impaired pulmonary function. We also investigated whether nasal corticosteroids and loratidine would improve the pulmonary function tests of those children with impaired lung function. Fifty subjects with moderate/severe persistent allergic rhinitis due to exclusively dust mite sensitization and no past medical history suggestive of asthma were assessed. The control group consisted of 26 matched healthy subjects. Subjects with airway obstruction, as detected by forced expiratory volume/1 s (FEV1) or forced expiratory flow from 25/% to 75% (FEF(25-75)) values <80% of those predicted, were treated with loratidine, once a day for 10 days, and daily nasal budesonide for 3 months. We found that 11 of 50 patients (22%) with perennial allergic rhinitis had impaired pulmonary function (FEF(25-75) values <80%), compared to 1/26 (3.8%) of the control group (p < or = 0.05). Reversibility was observed in 9/11 (81.8%), mean 24.7% +/- 10.3%. Within 3 months of treatment, 7/10 had FEF(25-75) > 80% of their predicted values as well as significant improvements in their FEV1 (p = 0.04), and FEV1/FVC (p = 0.04). We conclude that a substantial proportion of children with perennial allergic rhinitis have diminished FEF (25-75) values and reversible airway obstruction. Nasal corticosteroids improve the pulmonary function tests of these children with impaired lung function.

译文

影响鼻和支气管粘膜的炎症过程在性质上是相似的。这项研究的目的是检查患有常年性变应性鼻炎且没有潜在哮喘的儿童是否肺功能受损。我们还研究了鼻皮质类固醇和氯替丁是否会改善那些肺功能受损的儿童的肺功能测试。评估了50名因仅尘螨致敏而患有中度/重度持续性过敏性鼻炎的受试者,并且没有既往病史提示哮喘。对照组由26名匹配的健康受试者组成。通过强制呼气量/1 s (FEV1) 或强制呼气流量从25/% 至75% (FEF(25-75)) 值 <预测值的80% 检测到的气道阻塞的受试者,接受loratidine治疗,每天一次,持续10天,和每日经鼻布地奈德治疗3个月。我们发现,与对照组的1/26 (3.8%) 相比,50例常年性变应性鼻炎患者中有11例 (22%) 肺功能受损 (FEF(25-75) 值 <80%) (p <或 = 0.05)。在9/11 (81.8%) 中观察到可逆性,平均24.7% +/- 10.3%。在治疗的3个月内,7/10的FEF(25-75)> 其预测值的80%,以及其FEV1 (p = 0.04) 和FEV1/FVC (p = 0.04) 的显著改善。我们得出的结论是,患有常年性变应性鼻炎的儿童中有很大一部分的FEF (25-75) 值降低和可逆性气道阻塞。鼻皮质类固醇可改善这些肺功能受损儿童的肺功能测试。

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