Sertoli cells are supporting cells of the testicular seminiferous tubules, which provide a nurturing environment for spermatogenesis. Adult Sertoli cells are polarized so that they can simultaneously support earlier-stage spermatogenic cells (e.g., spermatogonia) basally and later-stage cells (e.g., spermatids) apically. To test the consequences of disrupting cell polarity in Sertoli cells, we perform a Sertoli-specific conditional deletion of Rac1, which encodes a Rho GTPase required for apicobasal cell polarity. Rac1 conditional knockout adults exhibit spermatogenic arrest at the round spermatid stage, with severe disruption of Sertoli cell polarity, and show increased germline and Sertoli cell apoptosis. Thus, Sertoli Rac1 function is critical for the progression of spermatogenesis but, surprisingly, is dispensable for fetal testicular development, adult maintenance of undifferentiated spermatogonia, and meiotic entry. Our data indicate that Sertoli Rac1 function is required only for certain aspects of spermatogenesis and reveal that there are distinct requirements for cell polarity during cellular differentiation.

译文

:Sertoli细胞是睾丸生精小管的支持细胞,为精子发生提供了滋养的环境。成年的支持细胞呈极化状态,因此它们可以同时支持基础的早期生精细胞(例如,精原细胞)和顶端的晚期细胞(例如,精子)。为了测试破坏Sertoli细胞中细胞极性的后果,我们对Seracoli进行条件特异性的Rac1缺失,该缺失编码了Apobobasal细胞极性所需的Rho GTPase。 Rac1条件性基因敲除的成年人在圆形精子阶段表现出生精停滞,严重破坏了Sertoli细胞的极性,并显示出种系和Sertoli细胞凋亡的增加。因此,Sertoli Rac1功能对于精子发生的进展至关重要,但令人惊讶的是,对于胎儿睾丸发育,成人未分化的精原细胞的维持以及减数分裂的进入都是必不可少的。我们的数据表明Sertoli Rac1功能仅在精子发生的某些方面才是必需的,并且揭示在细胞分化过程中对细胞极性有不同的要求。

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