The potency of conventional inhaled anesthetics increases with maturationthe 50% effective dose (minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration [MAC]) for conventional inhaled anesthetics in the neonatal rat or human exceeds MAC in the young adult. This increase also applies to ethanol in rats tested using MAC as the measure of anesthesia. However, the converse appears to be true for studies in mice assessed with the righting reflex; that is, adult mice are six times more resistant than neonates to the effects of ethanol. These disparate findings imply that maturation in rats and mice may produce opposing changes in the quantity or sensitivity of one or more receptors that mediate the actions of anesthetics that lead to the anesthetic state. Such a finding would be important for two reasons. First, both rodents are widely used in studies of anesthetic effects, and, thus, a species-dependent divergence in anesthetic effects has immediate experimental implications. Second, confirmation of such a species difference would supply an opportunity to test which receptors might be crucial to anesthetic mechanisms. Accordingly, we investigated whether maturation decreased ethanol potency in mice, using MAC as the measure of anesthesia. Applying standard techniques, we tested MAC for ethanol in 15 CF-1 mice aged 10 days (6-8.5 g) and in 13 mice aged 77-84 days (34-39 g). MAC decreased with maturation, and the decrease was indistinguishable from that found in our previous studies of rats.

译文

常规吸入麻醉剂的效力随着成熟而增加,新生大鼠或人中常规吸入麻醉剂的50%有效剂量(最小肺泡麻醉剂浓度[MAC])超过了年轻成年人的MAC。这种增加也适用于使用MAC作为麻醉手段测试的大鼠中的乙醇。但是,对于用扶正反射评估的小鼠研究似乎相反。也就是说,成年小鼠对乙醇的抵抗力是新生小鼠的六倍。这些不同的发现暗示,大鼠和小鼠的成熟可能在介导导致麻醉状态的麻醉剂作用的一种或多种受体的数量或敏感性方面产生相反的变化。这样的发现很重要,原因有两个。首先,两种啮齿动物都广泛用于麻醉作用的研究,因此,麻醉作用中物种依赖性的差异具有直接的实验意义。其次,确认这种物种差异将提供一个机会来测试哪些受体可能对麻醉机制至关重要。因此,我们使用MAC作为麻醉手段,研究了成熟是否降低了小鼠的乙醇效力。应用标准技术,我们在10天(6-8.5 g)的15只CF-1小鼠和77-84天(34-39 g)的13只小鼠中测试了MAC的乙醇含量。 MAC随着成熟而降低,并且与我们先前的大鼠研究没有明显的区别。

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