During the August 23-25, 2000, convention conducted by WHO in Kathmandu, Nepal, it was decided that national mechanisms to plan and manage health sector reforms be established and strengthened. The participants of this convention were health ministers from the 10 countries that make up the WHO South East Asian Region (SEAR). It was noted in the meeting that the countries in the region need a universal prescription for health sector reforms, which comprises the components of health care financing, health care provision, human resources for health, and governance in health. Although most of the SEAR countries have initiated reforms in health care financing and decentralization of health systems, many are facing the challenge of expanding provision of health insurance. In view of this, WHO was called to help countries develop models for collective health care financing based on risk-pooling, or collective health financing. In terms of preventing HIV/AIDS, it was recommended that interventions that have been effective in preventing HIV infection in different countries must be applied widely. Moreover, the Indian delegation's suggestion that estimates on HIV/AIDS cases by WHO and UNAIDS should be reviewed and updated regularly.