BACKGROUND:Fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology has been widely used for pathologic assessment of breast lesions. However, the examination suffers a risk of false-negative results owing to insufficient sample volumes, inaccurate sampling positions, nondefinitive cytologic features, or suboptimal cell preservation. One approach to improve its accuracy is using modern mass spectrometry to detect disease biomarkers, of which the tissue samples are collected through FNA. METHODS:The biological compounds in the FNA tissue samples were extracted and characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS). The results were further analyzed by principal component analysis. Distribution of lipid biomarkers on tissues was explored by imaging mass spectrometry. RESULTS:Lipid profiles of the tissue samples collected by FNA were rapidly obtained through MALDI-TOF/MS analysis. Phosphatidylcholines and triacylglycerols were detected as the predominant compounds in cancerous and normal regions, respectively. The samples were clearly classified by principal component analysis, based on the differences in their lipid profiles. Different lipid patterns were clearly viewed through the molecular imaging of normal and tumorous regions of breast tissue samples. CONCLUSION:The FNA-MALDI-TOF/MS approach can provide complementary information for pathological examinations and improve the accuracy of breast cancer diagnoses. Owing to the ease of operation and automation, it is possible to efficiently screen the lipid biomarkers in a large number of tissue samples by means of MALDI-TOF/MS.

译文

背景:细针穿刺(FNA)细胞学检查已被广泛用于乳腺病变的病理评估。但是,由于样品量不足,采样位置不正确,细胞学特征不确定或细胞保存效果欠佳,检查可能会出现假阴性结果。一种提高其准确性的方法是使用现代质谱检测疾病生物标志物,其中的组织样本是通过FNA收集的。
方法:通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间/质谱(MALDI-TOF / MS)提取FNA组织样品中的生物化合物并进行表征。通过主成分分析进一步分析结果。通过成像质谱研究脂质生物标志物在组织上的分布。
结果:通过MALDI-TOF / MS分析快速获得了通过FNA收集的组织样品的脂质概况。磷脂酰胆碱和三酰基甘油分别作为癌性和正常区域中的主要化合物被检测到。根据样品的脂质谱差异,通过主成分分析将样品明确分类。通过对乳腺组织样本的正常和肿瘤区域进行分子成像,可以清楚地观察到不同的脂质模式。
结论:FNA-MALDI-TOF / MS方法可为病理检查提供补充信息,并提高乳腺癌诊断的准确性。由于操作和自动化的简便性,可以通过MALDI-TOF / MS有效地筛查大量组织样品中的脂质生物标志物。

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