Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the most common form of diabetes that occurs in both human and nonhuman primates. Although spontaneously diabetic nonhuman primates are used extensively in diabetic related research and are a proven valuable tool for the study of the natural history of diabetes, little is known about the key factors that can cause this metabolic disorder and the preventative measures that could be employed to minimize the consequences of diabetes. Using a model of developing and untreated diabetes, this study describes the effects of housing arrangement (socially group- versus individually single-housed), exercise, diet, age, and sex on fasting plasma glucose, key lipids associated with diabetes, and bodyweight in two large cohorts of nonhuman primates. Key findings include exercise/housing arrangement's contribution to significant differences in bodyweight, levels of fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoproteins. Age also had profound effects on glucose, triglyceride and high-density lipoproteins, particularly in single-caged animals. Moreover, females had higher fasting glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels than male counterparts within the same housing situations. These factors may be critical to identifying preventive measures that could eventually be used to minimize obesity and diabetes in humans.

译文

2型糖尿病是人类和非人类灵长类动物中最常见的糖尿病形式。尽管自发性糖尿病非人类灵长类动物在糖尿病相关研究中被广泛使用,并且是研究糖尿病自然史的一种被证明有价值的工具,但对于引起这种代谢紊乱的关键因素以及可以采取的预防措施知之甚少尽量减少糖尿病的后果。本研究使用发展中的糖尿病和未经治疗的糖尿病模型,描述了住房安排(集体居住与个人独居),运动,饮食,年龄和性别对空腹血糖,糖尿病相关的主要脂质和体重的影响。两个大型的非人类灵长类动物。主要发现包括运动/住房安排对体重,空腹血糖水平,总胆固醇以及高密度和低密度脂蛋白的显着差异的贡献。年龄对葡萄糖,甘油三酸酯和高密度脂蛋白也有深远的影响,特别是在单笼动物中。此外,在相同的居住环境下,女性的空腹血糖,总胆固醇和甘油三酸酯水平高于男性。这些因素对于确定预防措施至关重要,这些预防措施最终可用于最大程度地减少人类的肥胖和糖尿病。

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