OBJECTIVE:This survey study explores the relationship between area-specific perceived self-competence, perceived social support, gender, and substance use in young adolescents. METHOD:Questionnaires were administered to 140 male and 131 female adolescents attending middle school to assess self-perception of competencies, social support, and substance use. Correlations were performed between the predictor variables and the substance use measures. Hierarchical multiple regressions were also used to identify potential interactions between gender, perceived competencies, and perceived social support in the prediction of specific substances. RESULTS:Higher perceived scholastic competence was associated with less substance use in both genders. In boys, more perceived support from teachers, and to a lesser degree parents, was associated with less substance use, particularly in those with low scholastic competence. In girls, social support was unrelated to substance use except for support from classmates, which was associated with more cigarette and marijuana use. However, in girls with low scholastic competence, more support from peers was consistently associated with more substance use. CONCLUSIONS:The gender differences in risk factors for early substance use identified in this study deserve further investigation, in view of their potential relevance for adolescent substance abuse prevention and early intervention.

译文

目的:这项调查研究探讨了特定地区的感知自我能力,感知社会支持,性别和青少年吸毒之间的关系。
方法:对140名上中学的男性和131名女性青少年进行问卷调查,以评估他们对能力,社会支持和药物使用的自我感觉。在预测变量和物质使用度量之间进行了相关。分层多元回归还用于确定特定物质的预测中性别,感知能力和感知社会支持之间的潜在相互作用。
结果:较高的认知能力与较少使用毒品有关。在男孩中,老师和较低程度的父母给予更多支持的感觉与减少毒品的使用有关,特别是在那些学力不强的人中。在女孩中,除了同学的支持外,社会支持与毒品的使用无关,后者与吸烟和大麻的使用有关。然而,在学力低下的女孩中,同龄人更多的支持始终与更多的吸毒相关。
结论:鉴于本研究对青少年药物滥用的预防和早期干预具有潜在的相关性,本研究中确定的早期药物使用危险因素中的性别差异值得进一步调查。

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