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Hemorphins are endogenous peptides belonging to the family of "nonclassical" or "atypical" opioid peptides. They are generated by enzymatic hydrolysis of the beta-, kappa-, delta-, or epsilon-chain of the blood protein hemoglobin. Originally, the hemorphins were isolated from enzymatically treated bovine blood. In recent years hemorphin structures have been identified as naturally occurring peptides in brain, plasma, and cerebrospinal fluid. This article will review recent studies of the hemorphins regarding their structures, mechanisms for their release, and their biological actions. A particular emphasis will be directed to their role in exercising human and their clinical relevance.

译文

血红蛋白是属于“非经典”或“非典型”阿片样肽家族的内源性肽。它们是通过酶水解血蛋白血红蛋白的β,κ,δ或ε链产生的。最初,血红素是从经酶处理的牛血中分离出来的。近年来,已将hemorphin结构鉴定为脑,血浆和脑脊髓液中的天然存在的肽。本文将回顾有关血红素的最新研究,涉及其结构,释放机理及其生物学作用。特别强调它们在锻炼人类中的作用及其临床意义。

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