The recent ratification of the World Trade Organisation Agreement will arguably be the most important factor in developing new sanitary measures for the international trade in food over the next decade. There is a markedly increased desire for quantitative data on the microbial risks associated with different classes of foods, and traditional good manufacturing practice (GMP)-based food hygiene requirements are coming under increasing challenge. As the risk assessment paradigm is increasing applied and as decision-making criteria for risk management become established, more emphasis will be placed on predictive microbiology as a means of generating exposure data and establishing critical limits for Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) plans. In this respect, developing international guidelines for risk management arguably presents the greatest challenge in establishing and maintaining quantitative Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SP) measures for food in international trade, and for judging their equivalence. Where specific industry sectors and regulators do not have jurisdiction over the entire food chain, from production of raw materials through to consumption, it will be difficult to apply the risk assessment paradigm in the design of HACCP plans. Thus, it appears that default to food safety objectives for many segments of food production chains subject to application of HACCP plans is inevitable in the medium term.

译文

世界贸易组织最近批准的协议可以说是在未来十年为国际食品贸易制定新的卫生措施的最重要因素。对与不同类别食品相关的微生物风险的定量数据的需求明显增加,并且基于传统良好生产规范 (GMP) 的食品卫生要求正面临越来越大的挑战。随着风险评估范式的应用越来越多,随着风险管理决策标准的建立,将更加重视预测微生物学,作为生成暴露数据和建立危害分析关键控制点 (HACCP) 计划关键限值的一种手段。在这方面,制定国际风险管理准则可以说是建立和维持国际贸易中食品定量卫生和植物检疫措施以及判断其等效性的最大挑战。如果特定的行业部门和监管机构对从原材料生产到消费的整个食物链没有管辖权,那么将很难在HACCP计划的设计中应用风险评估范式。因此,在中期看来,受HACCP计划约束的食品生产链的许多部分默认食品安全目标是不可避免的。

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