Transdermal scopolamine, a patch system that delivers 1.5 mg of scopolamine gradually over 72 hours following an initial bolus, was approved in the United States in 2001 for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in adults. Scopolamine (hyoscine) is a selective competitive anatagonist of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Low serum concentrations of scopolamine produce an antiemetic effect. Transdermal scopolamine is effective in preventing PONV versus placebo [relative risk (RR)=0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.61-0.98, P = 0.03] and a significantly reduced risk for postoperative nausea (RR=0.59, 95% CI, 0.48-0.73, P < 0.001), postoperative vomiting (RR=0.68, 95% CI, 0.61-0.76, P < 0.001), and PONV (RR 0.73, 95% CI, 0.60-0.88, P = 001) in the first 24 hours after the start of anesthesia.
-
【Perspectives on transdermal scopolamine for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.].
【透皮东pol碱治疗术后恶心和呕吐的观点。】
复制标题
收藏
DOI：10.1016/j.jclinane.2011.07.019文章类型：杂志文章
复制DOI
译文
：透皮东pol碱是一种贴剂系统，可在初次推注后72小时内逐渐释放1.5 mg东pol碱，已于2001年在美国获准用于预防成人术后恶心和呕吐（PONV）。 Scopolamine（hyscine）是毒蕈碱胆碱能受体的选择性竞争性拮抗剂。东serum碱的低血清浓度会产生止吐作用。相对于安慰剂，经皮东pol碱可有效预防PONV [相对风险（RR）= 0.77，95％置信区间（CI），0.61-0.98，P = 0.03]，并显着降低术后恶心的风险（RR = 0.59，95％CI ，0.48-0.73，P <0.001），术后呕吐（RR = 0.68，95％CI，0.61-0.76，P <0.001）和PONV（RR 0.73，95％CI，0.60-0.88，P = 001）。麻醉开始后的第24小时。
