OBJECTIVE:To provide an updated estimate of the extent and manner in which palliative care is incorporated in the curricula of U.S. medical schools. METHODS:Data were obtained from two sources: a 40-item written survey sent directly to deans of all 128 medical schools and corresponding information was obtained from the Curriculum Management and Information Tool (CurrMIT) national database of the Association of American Medical Colleges. RESULTS:Information was obtained from 47 of 128 (37%) medical schools; 30 through the survey and 17 through the CurrMIT database. "Palliative and Hospice Care" is a required course in 30% (n = 14) of responding medical schools and a required rotation in 19% (n = 9); 15% (n = 7) offer an elective course and 29% (n = 14) an elective rotation; and 53% (n = 25) integrate this subject into a required course. Of responding schools, 49% (n = 23) believe medical students should be evaluated in the care patients with advanced, incurable conditions during the clerkships; 30% (14) currently do so. CONCLUSIONS:A minority of U.S. medical schools from which information was obtained requires training in palliative care and evaluates students in their care of patients with advanced, incurable conditions. Most medical schools have chosen to include palliative care topics within existing courses. AAMC's existing database does not assess the scope or extent of coursework and rotations in palliative care. Guidelines are needed that address palliative care education and training of medical students.

译文

目的:提供有关在美国医学院校中纳入姑息治疗的程度和方式的最新估计。
方法:数据来自两个来源:直接向所有128所医学院的院长发送的40项书面调查,相应的信息是从美国医学院协会的国家课程管理和信息工具(CurrMIT)国家数据库中获得的。
结果:信息是从128所医学院中的47所(37%)获得的; 30个通过调查,17个通过CurrMIT数据库。 “缓解和临终关怀”是30%(n = 14)的响应医学院的必修课程,而轮换19%(n = 9)的必修课程; 15%(n = 7)提供选修课程,29%(n = 14)提供选修课程; 53%(n = 25)将此科目纳入必修课程。在回应学校中,有49%(n = 23)认为应在文职期间对病情晚期,无法治愈的护理患者进行医学学生评估;目前有30%(14)这样做。
结论:从中获得信息的美国医学院的一小部分需要接受姑息治疗方面的培训,并评估学生对晚期,无法治愈的患者的护理情况。大多数医学院选择在现有课程中纳入姑息治疗主题。 AAMC的现有数据库无法评估姑息治疗课程和轮换的范围或程度。需要制定指导方针,以解决医学生的姑息治疗教育和培训。

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