BACKGROUND:Several studies have shown that plant saponins promoted osteoblast differentiation and improved osteoporosis. In current study, sea cucumber saponins (SCS) with a purity of 80% was extracted from Filipino sea cucumber, with a similar structure to plant saponins. OBJECTIVE:This study aims to investigate the effects of SCS on bone formation in vitro and ex vivo. RESULTS:SCS significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of MC3T3-E1 cells, as well as new osteoid formation in neonatal mouse calvarias ex vivo. qRT-PCR results indicated that SCS markedly down-regulated the expression of C/EBPα* and PPARγ at the levels of transcription, which demonstrate that SCS inhibit the trans-differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells to an adipocytic phenotype. What is more, further studies revealed that SCS increased the expression levels of Runx2 and OSX. The mechanism revealed that SCS induced the expression of BMP2 and p-Smad1/5, which indicated that SCS facilitated osteogenesis via activating the BMP2/Smads signaling pathway. CONCLUSION:SCS promoted osteogenic differentiation of pre-osteoblasts by activating BMP2/Smads molecular pathway, providing theoretical basis for the development of sea cucumber saponins for the treatment to bone loss diseases such as osteoporosis.

译文

背景:多项研究表明,植物皂素可促进成骨细胞分化并改善骨质疏松症。在当前的研究中,从菲律宾海参中提取了纯度为80%的海参皂苷(SCS),其结构与植物皂苷相似。
目的:本研究旨在探讨SCS对体外和离体骨形成的影响。
结果:SCS显着促进了新生小鼠颅盖骨MC3T3-E1细胞的成骨分化和矿化,以及新的类骨质形成。 qRT-PCR结果表明,SCS在转录水平上显着下调了C /EBPα*和PPARγ的表达,这表明SCS抑制了MC3T3-E1细胞向脂肪表型的转分化。此外,进一步的研究表明,SCS增加了Runx2和OSX的表达水平。该机制揭示了SCS诱导BMP2和p-Smad1 / 5的表达,这表明SCS通过激活BMP2 / Smads信号通路促进了成骨。
结论:SCS通过激活BMP2 / Smads分子途径促进成骨细胞的成骨分化,为开发海参皂苷治疗骨质疏松等骨质疏松疾病提供了理论依据。

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