A remarkable feature of interannual climate variability is a robust link of wintertime anomalies of surface air temperature (SAT) in northern Asia to pan-Atlantic SAT variations associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Here statistical analyses of data from the era of satellite observations (1979-2017) are used to show that about 80% of the variance of the winter (December-March) mean area-averaged SAT anomalies in northern Asia can be explained by the anomalous surface circulation associated with an NAO-like mode of sea level pressure variability over extratropical Eurasia. These SAT anomalies are related equally strongly to the "Lake Baikal" vortex representing variations of the upper-tropospheric circulation over northern Asia. Support is given for the scenario that this vortex drives SAT anomalies in northern Asia via surface-reaching displacements of isentropic surfaces and that it is coupled to climate variability in the Euro-Atlantic sector via interactions between the North Atlantic storm track, quasi-stationary planetary waves, and zonal-mean zonal winds. The results underpin the importance of a lesser-known zonal wavenumber-3 structure of disturbances trapped over Eurasia by the polar front jet rather than the better-known zonal wavenumber-5 structure of disturbances trapped by the subtropical jet for NAO teleconnections.

译文

年际气候变化的一个显着特征是北亚冬季地表气温 (SAT) 异常与北大西洋涛动 (NAO) 相关的泛大西洋SAT变化之间的牢固联系。这里使用卫星观测时代 (1979-2017) 数据的统计分析来表明,北亚冬季 (12月-3月) 平均面积平均SAT异常的方差的约80% 可以用异常表面环流来解释。与类似NAO的海洋模式有关温带欧亚大陆的水平压力变化。这些SAT异常与代表北亚对流层上环流变化的 “贝加尔湖” 涡旋同样密切相关。支持以下情况: 该涡旋通过等熵表面的表面到达位移驱动北亚的SAT异常,并通过北大西洋风暴轨迹,准静止之间的相互作用与欧洲大西洋地区的气候变化耦合行星波和纬向平均纬向风。结果强调了由极地前射流捕获在欧亚大陆上的扰动的较鲜为人知的纬向wavenumber-3结构的重要性,而不是由亚热带射流捕获的NAO遥相关扰动的较知名的纬向wavenumber-5结构的重要性。

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