The responses of neurons in the medial column of the inferior olive to translational and rotational optic flow were recorded from anaesthetized pigeons. Panoramic translational or rotational flowfields were produced by mechanical devices that projected optic flow patterns onto the walls, ceiling and floor of the room. The axis of rotation/translation could be positioned to any orientation in three-dimensional space such that axis tuning could be determined. Each neuron was assigned a vector representing the axis about/along which the animal would rotate/translate to produce the flowfield that elicited maximal modulation. Both translation-sensitive and rotation-sensitive neurons were found. For neurons responsive to translational optic flow, the preferred axis is described with reference to a standard right-handed coordinate system, where +x, +y and +z represent rightward, upward and forward translation of the animal, respectively (assuming that all recordings were from the right side of the brain). t(+y) neurons were maximally excited in response to a translational optic flowfield that results from self-translation upward along the vertical (y) axis. t(-y) neurons also responded best to translational optic flow along the vertical axis but showed the opposite direction preference. The two remaining groups, t(-x+z) and t(-x-z) neurons, responded best to translational optic flow along horizontal axes that were oriented 45 degrees to the midline. There were two types of neurons responsive to rotational optic flow: rVA neurons preferred rotation about the vertical axis, and rH135c neurons preferred rotation about a horizontal axis at 135 degrees contralateral azimuth. The locations of marking lesions indicated a clear topographical organization of the six response types. In summary, our results reinforce that the olivo-cerebellar system dedicated to the analysis of optic flow is organized according to a reference frame consisting of three approximately orthogonal axes: the vertical axis, and two horizontal axes oriented 45 degrees to either side the midline. Previous research has shown that the eye muscles, vestibular semicircular canals and postural control system all share a similar spatial frame of reference.

译文

:从麻醉的鸽子中记录下橄榄内侧列神经元对平移和旋转视力流的反应。全景平移或旋转流场是通过将光学流模式投射到房间的墙壁,天花板和地板上的机械设备产生的。旋转/平移轴可以定位到三维空间中的任何方向,以便可以确定轴调整。每个神经元都被分配了一个向量,该向量代表动物绕着/沿着该轴旋转/平移以产生引起最大调制的流场。发现了翻译敏感和旋转敏感的神经元。对于对平移视神经波有反应的神经元,首选轴是参照标准的右手坐标系来描述的,其中x,y和z分别代表动物的向右,向上和向前平移(假设所有记录均来自动物的右手坐标系)。大脑右侧)。 t(y)个神经元响应于沿垂直(y)轴向上自平移而产生的平移光学流场而得到最大程度的兴奋。 t(-y)神经元对沿垂直轴的平移光学流也有最佳响应,但显示了相反的方向偏好。剩下的两个组,即t(-x z)和t(-x-z)神经元,对沿与中线成45度角的水平轴的平移光学流的响应最佳。有两种类型的神经元对旋转的光流做出响应:rVA神经元更喜欢绕垂直轴旋转,而rH135c神经元更喜欢绕水平轴在135度对侧方位角旋转。标记病变的位置表明六种反应类型的地形组织清晰。总而言之,我们的研究结果表明,致力于光流分析的小脑小脑系统是根据一个参考框架进行组织的,该参考框架由三个近似正交的轴组成:垂直轴和两个与中线两侧成45度角的水平轴。先前的研究表明,眼部肌肉,前庭半规管和姿势控制系统均具有相似的空间参照系。

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