Medial preoptic area (MPOA) and ventral bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (VBST) neurons are involved in maternal behavior, but the neural sites to which the maternally relevant neurons project have not been determined. Since MPOA and VBST neurons express Fos during maternal behavior, we used a double-labeling immunocytochemical procedure to detect both Fos and a retrograde tracer, wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), in order to determine where these Fos neurons project. On Day 4 postpartum, fully maternal females were separated from their litters. On Day 5, WGA was iontophoretically injected into one of the following regions known to receive MPOA and/or VBST input: Lateral septum, medial hypothalamus at the level of the ventromedial nucleus, lateral habenula, ventral tegmental area, retrorubral field, or periaqueductal gray. On Day 7, females received a 2-h test with either pups or candy, after which they were perfused and their brains were processed for the detection of Fos and WGA. As expected, females tested with pups had more Fos-containing neurons in the MPOA and VBST than did females tested with candy. After WGA injections into several brain sites, the number of double-labeled cells observed in the MPOA and VBST was greater for the maternal females when compared to the non-maternal females. Therefore, these results pinpointed neural circuits that were activated during maternal behavior. For the maternal females, Fos-containing neurons in the MPOA projected most strongly to the medial hypothalamus at the level of the ventromedial nucleus and to the lateral septum, while Fos-containing neurons in the VBST projected most strongly to the retrorubral field, ventral tegmental area, and medial hypothalamus. Although relatively few MPOA and VBST neurons which expressed Fos during maternal behavior projected to the periaqueductal gray, these Fos-expressing neurons made up a relatively large proportion of the MPOA and VBST projection to the periaqueductal gray. This study suggests that MPOA and VBST efferents project to a variety of regions to promote full maternal responsiveness.

译文

:孕产妇的行为涉及视神经内侧视前区(MPOA)和纹状体终末腹侧核(VBST)的母亲行为,但尚未确定与母亲相关的神经元投射到的神经部位。由于MPOA和VBST神经元在孕产妇行为期间表达Fos,因此我们使用双重标记免疫细胞化学方法检测Fos和逆行示踪剂小麦胚芽凝集素(WGA),以确定这些Fos神经元的位置。在产后第4天,将完全产妇的母猪从其产仔中分离出来。在第5天,将WGA离子电渗注入已知可接收MPOA和/或VBST输入的以下区域之一:外侧中隔,腹侧内侧丘脑,腹侧核,腹侧被膜区,腹侧被盖区,后睑缘视野或导水管周围灰色。在第7天,雌性接受幼犬或糖果进行2小时的测试,然后对它们进行灌注,并对其大脑进行处理以检测Fos和WGA。不出所料,用幼犬测试的雌性在MPOA和VBST中的含Fos的神经元要多于用糖果进行测验的雌性。 WGA注射到多个大脑部位后,与非母体雌性相比,母体雌性在MPOA和VBST中观察到的双标记细胞数量更多。因此,这些结果指出了在孕产妇行为中被激活的神经回路。对于孕产妇,MPOA中含有Fos的神经元在腹膜内侧核和外侧中隔的投射力最强,而VBST中含有Fos的神经元在后睑内侧,腹侧被膜的投射力最强。区域和内侧下丘脑。尽管在产妇行为中表达Fos的MPOA和VBST神经元相对较少,但会投射到导水管周围的灰色,但这些表达Fos的神经元在MPOA和VBST投射至导水管周围的灰色中所占的比例相对较大。这项研究表明,MPOA和VBST传出可投射到多个区域,以促进全面的孕产妇反应。

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