Sex and gender are the major determinants of health and disease in both men and women. The aim of this review paper was to examine differences in gender and sex in relation to the prevalence and effects of food allergy. There are still major gaps in our knowledge about the kinds of processes which shape men's and women's perceptions and experiences of food allergy. The expression and experience of health and illness may be moderated by variables such as biological vulnerability, exposure to health risks, perception of symptoms, evaluation of risk, information processing and role expectations. This review highlights the complex links between biological sex, gender, and health in general and offers a synthesis of how these may interact to produce sex and gender differences in biopsychosocial manifestations of food allergy. Implications for research and public health practice are discussed.

译文

性别和性别是男女健康和疾病的主要决定因素。本文的目的是研究与食物过敏的患病率和影响有关的性别和性别差异。我们对塑造男人和女人对食物过敏的看法和经历的过程的了解仍然存在重大差距。健康和疾病的表达和经历可以通过诸如生物脆弱性,暴露于健康风险,对症状的感知,风险评估,信息处理和角色期望等变量来调节。这篇综述强调了生物性别,性别和健康之间的复杂联系,并提供了有关它们如何相互作用以在食物过敏的生物心理社会表现中产生性别和性别差异的综合。讨论了对研究和公共卫生实践的影响。

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