The present review gives an updated overview of transfusion transmitted virus (TTV), a novel agent, in relation to its molecular characteristics, epidemiological features, modes of transmission, tissue tropism, pathogenesis, role in various diseases and its eradication from the body. TTV, a DNA virus, is a single stranded, non-enveloped, 3.8 kb long DNA virus with a small and covalently closed circular genome comprising 3852 bases. It was tentatively designated Circinoviridae virus. TTV genome sequence is heterogeneous and reveals the existence of six different genotypes and several subtypes. TTV has been reported to transmit not only via parenteral routes, but also via alternate routes. This virus has been detected in different non-human primates as well. At present, TTV is detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with no other available diagnostic assays. It shows its presence globally and was detected in high percent populations of healthy persons as well as in various disease groups. Initially it was supposed to have strong association with liver disease; however, there is little evidence to show its liver tropism and contribution in causing liver diseases. It shows high prevalence in hemodialysis patients, pointing towards its significance in renal diseases. In addition, TTV is associated with several infectious and non-infectious diseases. Though, its exact pathogenesis is not yet clear, TTV virus possibly resides and multiplies in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Recently, attempts have been made to eradicate this virus with interferon treatment. More information is still needed to extricate various mysteries related to TTV.

译文

本综述提供了有关输血传播病毒 (TTV) 的最新概述,该病毒是一种新型药物,涉及其分子特征,流行病学特征,传播方式,组织嗜性,发病机理,在各种疾病中的作用及其从体内根除。TTV是一种DNA病毒,是一种单链、无包膜、3.8 kb长的DNA病毒,具有包含3852碱基的小且共价闭合的环状基因组。暂定为Circinoviridae病毒。TTV基因组序列是异质的,揭示了六种不同基因型和几种亚型的存在。据报道,TTV不仅通过肠胃外途径传输,而且还通过替代途径传输。这种病毒也在不同的非人类灵长类动物中被检测到。目前,TTV是通过聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 检测的,没有其他可用的诊断方法。它显示了其在全球的存在,并在健康人群的高百分比人群以及各种疾病组中被检测到。最初,它应该与肝脏疾病有很强的联系; 但是,几乎没有证据表明其肝向性和在引起肝脏疾病中的贡献。它在血液透析患者中显示出很高的患病率,表明其在肾脏疾病中的重要性。此外,TTV还与几种传染病和非传染病有关。尽管TTV病毒的确切发病机制尚不清楚,但可能在骨髓细胞和外周血单个核细胞 (pbmc) 中存在并繁殖。最近,人们试图用干扰素治疗根除这种病毒。仍然需要更多的信息来解开与台视有关的各种谜团。

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