To induce a rabbit model of atherosclerosis at carotid artery, to visualize the lesion evolution with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to characterize the lesion types by histopathology. Atherosclerosis at the right common carotid artery (RCCA) was induced in 23 rabbits by high-lipid diet following balloon catheter injury to the endothelium. The rabbits were examined in vivo with a 1.5-T MRI and randomly divided into three groups of 6 weeks (n=6), 12 weeks (n=8) and 15 weeks (n=9) for postmortem histopathology. The lesions on both MRI and histology were categorized according to the American Heart Association (AHA) classifications of atherosclerosis. Type I and type II of atherosclerotic changes were detected at week 6, i.e., nearly normal signal intensity (SI) of the injured RCCA wall without stenosis on MRI, but with subendothelial inflammatory infiltration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells on histopathology. At week 12, 75.0% and 62.5% of type III changes were encountered on MRI and histopathology respectively with thicker injured RCCA wall of increased SI on T(1)-weighted and proton density (PD)-weighted MRI and microscopically a higher degree of plaque formation. At week 15, carotid atherosclerosis became more advanced, i.e., type IV and type V in 55.6% and 22.2% of the lesions with MRI and 55.6% and 33.3% of the lesions with histopathology, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant agreement (p<0.05) between the MRI and histological findings for lesion classification (r=0.96). A rabbit model of carotid artery atherosclerosis has been successfully induced and noninvasively visualized. The atherosclerotic plaque formation evolved from type I to type V with time, which could be monitored with 1.5-T MRI and confirmed with histomorphology. This experimental setting can be applied in preclinical research on atherosclerosis.

译文

在颈动脉处诱导兔动脉粥样硬化模型,通过磁共振成像 (MRI) 可视化病变的演变,并通过组织病理学表征病变类型。在球囊导管损伤内皮后,高脂饮食在23只兔子中诱发了右颈总动脉 (RCCA) 的动脉粥样硬化。用1.5-T MRI在体内检查兔子,并随机分为三组,分别为6周 (n = 6),12周 (n = 8) 和15周 (n = 9) 进行死后组织病理学检查。MRI和组织学上的病变均根据美国心脏协会 (AHA) 的动脉粥样硬化分类进行分类。第6周检测到I型和II型动脉粥样硬化改变,即损伤RCCA壁的信号强度 (SI) 接近正常,MRI上无狭窄,但组织病理学上有内皮下炎症浸润和平滑肌细胞增殖。在第12周,在MRI和组织病理学上分别遇到III型变化的75.0% 和62.5%,在T(1) 加权和质子密度 (PD) 加权MRI上SI增加的损伤RCCA壁较厚,并且在显微镜下斑块形成程度较高。在第15周时,颈动脉粥样硬化变得更加先进,即分别在MRI和55.6% 的病变55.6% 和22.2% 中的IV型和V型和组织病理学的病变33.3%。统计分析显示,MRI和组织学检查结果对于病变分类有显著的一致性 (p<0.05) (r = 0.96)。已成功诱导并无创可视化了兔颈动脉粥样硬化模型。动脉粥样硬化斑块形成随时间从I型演变为V型,可通过1.5-T MRI监测并通过组织形态学证实。此实验设置可用于动脉粥样硬化的临床前研究。

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