In euthyroidism, as thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH) levels increase, the free triiodothyronine (FT3) to free thyroxine (FT4) ratio increases. The aim of this study was to assess if beyond the euthyroid range of TSH levels FT3/FT4 ratio continues to increase and if levothyroxine treatment reduces this ratio, possibly through TSH suppression. This cross sectional retrospective study included a total of 77 832 patients [age 22.76±15.17 years (4 days to 112 years)] evaluated and treated in community clinics between January 2009 and September 2013. Blood samples drawn in community clinics for which TSH, FT4, FT3, age, and gender were available were included. Tests with TSH below 0.5 IU/l were excluded as were samples taken during pregnancy. The FT3/FT4 ratio continued to increase significantly even with TSH above 50 mIU/l (p for trend<0.001) with an increase of more than 50% over the entire TSH range. With increasing age and female gender, the phenomenon was less prominent (p<0.001). Levothyroxine treated patients had significantly lower FT3/FT4 ratios in comparison to untreated patients up to TSH levels of 5.0 mIU/l. In conclusion, increasing TSH increases FT3/FT4 ratio even with severe hypothyroidism, less so with aging. With levothyroxine therapy, a ratio similar to untreated patients is achieved at TSH of above 5.0 mIU/l. Since T3 suppresses TSH better than T4, administration of T3 would likely normalize the FT3/FT4 ratio at a lower, ostensibly more physiological, TSH level. This could be seen as a rationale for add-on T3 therapy.

译文

在甲状腺功能正常时,随着促甲状腺激素 (TSH) 水平的增加,游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸 (FT3) 与游离甲状腺素 (FT4) 的比例增加。这项研究的目的是评估TSH水平FT3/FT4的正常甲状腺范围是否继续增加,以及左旋甲状腺素治疗是否降低了该比率,可能是通过抑制TSH。这项横断面回顾性研究包括总共77名832患者 [年龄22.76 ± 15.17岁 (4天至112岁)] 在2009年1月至2013年9月之间的社区诊所进行评估和治疗。包括在社区诊所抽取的血液样本,其中有TSH,FT4,FT3,年龄和性别。排除了TSH低于0.5  IU/l的测试,以及在怀孕期间采集的样本。即使TSH高于50  mIU/l (趋势p <0.001),FT3/FT4比率仍继续显着增加,在整个TSH范围内增加超过50%。随着年龄和女性性别的增加,这一现象不太突出 (p<0.001)。与未治疗的患者相比,接受左甲状腺素治疗的患者的FT3/FT4比率显着降低,高达5.0  mIU/l的TSH水平。总之,即使在严重的甲状腺功能减退症中,TSH的增加也会增加FT3/FT4的比率,而随着年龄的增长,TSH的增加会增加FT3/FT4的比率。使用左甲状腺素治疗,在5.0  mIU/l以上的TSH达到与未治疗患者相似的比率。由于T3比T4更好地抑制TSH,因此给予T3可能会使FT3/FT4比率在较低的,表面上更生理的TSH水平下正常化。这可以被视为附加T3治疗的基本原理。

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