Surgery and radiotherapy are the standard treatment options for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Chemotherapy and chemoradiotherapy are new alternatives for locally advanced disease, particularly induction chemotherapy for patients with unresectable tumors. In recurrent/metastatic disease and after progression to platin-based regimens, no treatments other than best supportive care are currently available. Most SCCHN tumors overexpress the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). This is a tyrosine kinase membrane receptor and has a clear implication in angiogenesis, tumor progression and resistance to different cancer treatments. Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to EGFR and alters the tyrosine kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway. The drug is active in colon cancer and is currently being tested in SCCHN patients. For locally advanced disease, cetuximab/radiotherapy combination has demonstrated a benefit in survival when compared with radiotherapy alone as radical treatment. Cetuximab is an active treatment in platin-refractory patients with recurrent/metastatic disease.

译文

手术和放疗是头颈部鳞状细胞癌 (SCCHN) 患者的标准治疗选择。化疗和放化疗是局部晚期疾病的新选择,尤其是不可切除肿瘤患者的诱导化疗。在复发/转移性疾病和进展为基于铂的方案后,除了最佳支持治疗外,目前尚无其他治疗方法。大多数SCCHN肿瘤过表达表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)。这是一种酪氨酸激酶膜受体,对血管生成,肿瘤进展和对不同癌症治疗的抵抗力具有明确的意义。西妥昔单抗是一种与EGFR结合并改变酪氨酸激酶介导的信号转导途径的单克隆抗体。该药物在结肠癌中具有活性,目前正在SCCHN患者中进行测试。对于局部晚期疾病,与单纯放疗相比,西妥昔单抗/放疗联合治疗在生存方面具有益处。西妥昔单抗是对复发/转移性疾病的铂难治性患者的积极治疗。

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