The radio-frequency breakdown due to ultrahigh electric field strength essentially limits power handling capability of an individual high power microwave (HPM) generator, and this issue becomes more challenging for high frequency bands. Coherent power combining therefore provides an alternative approach to achieve an equivalent peak power of the order of ∼100 GW, which consequently provides opportunities to explore microwave related physics at extremes. The triaxial klystron amplifier (TKA) is a promising candidate for coherent power combing in high frequency bands owing to its intrinsic merit of high power capacity, nevertheless phase-locked long pulse radiation from TKA has not yet been obtained experimentally as the coaxial structure of TKA can easily lead to self-excitation of parasitic modes. In this paper, we present investigations into an X-band TKA capable of producing 1.1 GW HPMs with pulse duration of about 103 ns at the frequency of 9.375 GHz in experiment. Furthermore, the shot-to-shot fluctuation standard deviation of the phase shifts between the input and output microwaves is demonstrated to be less than 10°. The reported achievements open up prospects for accomplishing coherent power combining of X-band HPMs in the near future, and might also excite new development interests concerning high frequency TKAs.

译文

由于超高电场强度而导致的射频击穿基本上限制了单个高功率微波 (HPM) 发生器的功率处理能力,并且对于高频带而言,此问题变得更具挑战性。因此,相干功率组合提供了一种替代方法来实现约100  GW的等效峰值功率,因此提供了探索极端微波相关物理的机会。三轴速调管放大器 (TKA) 具有高功率容量的内在优点,因此是高频带相干功率组合的有希望的候选者。然而,由于TKA的同轴结构很容易导致寄生模式的自激,因此尚未通过实验获得来自TKA的锁相长脉冲辐射。在本文中,我们对在实验中能够在9.375 ghz ghz频率下产生1.1  GW HPMs的X波段TKA进行了研究,脉冲持续时间约为103 ns ns。此外,事实证明,输入和输出微波之间相移的镜头到镜头波动标准偏差小于10 °。所报道的成就为在不久的将来完成X波段hpm的相干功率组合开辟了前景,也可能激发有关高频tka的新发展兴趣。

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