Usually, genetic correlations are estimated from breeding designs in the laboratory or greenhouse. However, estimates of the genetic correlation for natural populations are lacking, mostly because pedigrees of wild individuals are rarely known. Recently Lynch (1999) proposed a formula to estimate the genetic correlation in the absence of data on pedigree. This method has been shown to be particularly accurate provided a large sample size and a minimum (20%) proportion of relatives. Lynch (1999) proposed the use of the bootstrap to estimate standard errors associated with genetic correlations, but did not test the reliability of such a method. We tested the bootstrap and showed the jackknife can provide valid estimates of the genetic correlation calculated with the Lynch formula. The occurrence of undefined estimates, combined with the high number of replicates involved in the bootstrap, means there is a high probability of obtaining a biased upward, incomplete bootstrap, even when there is a high fraction of related pairs in a sample. It is easier to obtain complete jackknife estimates for which all the pseudovalues have been defined. We therefore recommend the use of the jackknife to estimate the genetic correlation with the Lynch formula. Provided data can be collected for more than two individuals at each location, we propose a group sampling method that produces low standard errors associated with the jackknife, even when there is a low fraction of relatives in a sample.

译文

通常,遗传相关性是根据实验室或温室中的育种设计估算的。但是,缺乏对自然种群遗传相关性的估计,主要是因为很少知道野生个体的谱系。最近,Lynch (1999) 提出了一个公式来估计在没有有关谱系数据的情况下的遗传相关性。该方法已被证明在大样本量和最小 (20%) 亲属比例的情况下特别准确。Lynch (1999) 提出使用bootstrap来估计与遗传相关性相关的标准误差,但未测试这种方法的可靠性。我们测试了bootstrap,并证明了折刀可以提供用Lynch公式计算的遗传相关性的有效估计。未定义的估计的出现,再加上引导程序中涉及的大量重复,意味着即使在样本中相关对的比例很高,也有很高的概率获得有偏向上的,不完全的引导程序。更容易获得已定义所有伪值的完整折刀估计。因此,我们建议使用折刀来估计与Lynch公式的遗传相关性。如果可以在每个位置收集两个以上个体的数据,我们提出了一种分组抽样方法,即使样本中的亲属比例较低,该方法也会产生与折刀相关的低标准误差。

+1
+2
100研值 100研值 ¥99课程
检索文献一次
下载文献一次

去下载>

成功解锁2个技能,为你点赞

《SCI写作十大必备语法》
解决你的SCI语法难题!

技能熟练度+1

视频课《玩转文献检索》
让你成为检索达人!

恭喜完成新手挑战

手机微信扫一扫,添加好友领取

免费领《Endnote文献管理工具+教程》

微信扫码, 免费领取

手机登录

获取验证码
登录