The fruit bodies of Pleurotus species as a class of "Edible Fungal Foods" have been discovered to have definite nutritive and medicinal values. They are a good source of nonstarchy carbohydrates, dietary fiber (that can help in reducing the plasma cholesterol), most of the essential amino acids, minerals and vitamins of B group, and folic acid (necessary to counteract pernicious anaemia) in particular. Considering the essential amino acid index, biological value, in vitro digestibility, nutritional index, and protein score, Pleurotus species fall between high grade vegetables and low grade meats. Fractions of water-soluble polysaccharides are reported to possess antitumor activity. The physiological processes such as changes in water content, respiratory rate, texture, color, and activities of enzymes like proteases and polyphenol oxidases during the after-harvest life are delineated. The problems and prospects of processing the fruit bodies by various methods are discussed. Potentialities for production and consumption of the fruit bodies in different parts of the world are brought out.

译文

已发现平菇属一类 “可食用真菌食品” 的子实体具有一定的营养和药用价值。它们是非淀粉碳水化合物,膳食纤维 (可以帮助降低血浆胆固醇),b群的大多数必需氨基酸,矿物质和维生素以及叶酸 (应对恶性贫血所必需的) 的良好来源。考虑到必需氨基酸指数,生物学价值,体外消化率,营养指数和蛋白质评分,侧耳属属于高档蔬菜和低档肉类。据报道,水溶性多糖的部分具有抗肿瘤活性。描述了生理过程,例如水分含量,呼吸频率,质地,颜色以及收获后生活中蛋白酶和多酚氧化酶等酶的活性的变化。讨论了用各种方法加工子实体的问题和前景。展示了世界不同地区生产和消费子实体的潜力。

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