In the nervous system, many intracellular responses to elevated calcium are mediated by CaM kinases (CaMKs), a family of protein kinases whose activities are initially modulated by binding Ca(2+)/calmodulin and subsequently by protein phosphorylation. One member of this family, CaMKII, is well-established for its effects on modulating synaptic plasticity and learning and memory. However, recent studies indicate that some actions on neuronal development and function attributed to CaMKII may instead or in addition be mediated by other members of the CaMK cascade, such as CaMKK, CaMKI, and CaMKIV. This review summarizes key neuronal functions of the CaMK cascade in signal transduction, gene transcription, synaptic development and plasticity, and behavior. The technical challenges of mapping cellular protein kinase signaling pathways are also discussed.

译文

在神经系统中,许多细胞内对钙升高的反应是由CaM激酶 (CaMKs) 介导的,CaM激酶是一种蛋白质激酶家族,其活性最初通过结合Ca(2)/钙调蛋白以及随后通过蛋白质磷酸化来调节。这个家族的一个成员CaMKII因其对调节突触可塑性以及学习和记忆的作用而广为人知。然而,最近的研究表明,CaMKII对神经元发育和功能的某些作用可能会被CaMK级联的其他成员 (例如CaMKK,CaMKI和CaMKIV) 介导。这篇综述总结了CaMK级联在信号转导,基因转录,突触发育和可塑性以及行为中的关键神经元功能。还讨论了定位细胞蛋白激酶信号通路的技术挑战。

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