The long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the crucial regulators of human chronic diseases. Therefore, approaches such as antisense oligonucleotides, RNAi technology, and small molecule inhibitors have been used for the therapeutic targeting of lncRNAs. During the last decade, phytochemicals and nutraceuticals have been explored for their potential against lncRNAs. The common lncRNAs known to be modulated by phytochemicals include ROR, PVT1, HOTAIR, MALAT1, H19, MEG3, PCAT29, PANDAR, NEAT1, and GAS5. The phytochemicals such as curcumin, resveratrol, sulforaphane, berberine, EGCG, and gambogic acid have been examined against lncRNAs. In some cases, formulation of phytochemicals has also been used. The disease models where phytochemicals have been demonstrated to modulate lncRNAs expression include cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The regulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals can affect multi-steps of tumor development. When administered in combination with the conventional drugs, phytochemicals can also produce synergistic effects on lncRNAs leading to the sensitization of cancer cells. Phytochemicals target lncRNAs either directly or indirectly by affecting a wide variety of upstream molecules. However, the potential of phytochemicals against lncRNAs has been demonstrated mostly by preclinical studies in cancer models. How the modulation of lncRNAs by phytochemicals produce therapeutic effects on cancer and other chronic diseases is discussed in this review.

译文

长链非编码rna (lncRNAs) 是人类慢性疾病的重要调节因子。因此,反义寡核苷酸,RNAi技术和小分子抑制剂等方法已用于lncrna的治疗靶向。在过去的十年中,已经探索了植物化学物质和营养保健品对lncRNAs的潜力。已知由植物化学物质调节的常见lncrna包括ROR,PVT1,HOTAIR,MALAT1,H19,MEG3,PCAT29,PANDAR,NEAT1和gas5。已针对lncRNAs检查了姜黄素,白藜芦醇,萝卜硫素,小檗碱,EGCG和藤黄酸等植物化学物质。在某些情况下,还使用了植物化学物质的配方。已证明植物化学物质可以调节lncRNAs表达的疾病模型包括癌症,类风湿性关节炎,骨关节炎和非酒精性脂肪肝。植物化学物质对lncRNAs的调节可以影响肿瘤发展的多个步骤。当与常规药物联合使用时,植物化学物质也可以对lncRNAs产生协同作用,从而导致癌细胞的敏化。植物化学物质通过影响多种上游分子直接或间接靶向lncRNAs。然而,植物化学物质对抗lncRNAs的潜力已在癌症模型的临床前研究中得到证实。本文讨论了植物化学物质对lncRNAs的调节如何对癌症和其他慢性疾病产生治疗作用。

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