A gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli (Dh5alpha strain) was developed as an alternate test system of phototoxicity. Eight drugs (antibiotics) and cosmetic products (eight face creams) were examined for their phototoxicity using this test system. Five known phototoxic compounds were used to validate the test system. UVA-radiation induced phototoxicity of these compounds was tested by agar gel diffusion assay. Decrease in colony forming units (CFU) was taken as an end point of phototoxicity. The phototoxic compounds and antibiotics produced significant reduction in CFU (p<0.001) at 80 microg/ml concentrations under exposure to UVA-radiation (5.4-10.8 J/cm(2)). One face cream was found phototoxic and produced significant decrease in CFU of E. coli at 1.0mg/ml concentration under UVA exposure (10.8 J/cm(2)). The minimum effective concentration of tetracycline and dose of UVA-radiation were also determined by observing growth inhibition of E. coli through disc diffusion assay. The observations suggested that E. coli can be used as an alternative test system for phototoxicity evaluation of chemicals. A battery of test systems is required to conclude the toxic/phototoxic potential of a chemical agent. In view of the speed, easiness, sensitivity and low cost, E. coli is introduced as one of the alternate test system for phototoxicity studies in safety evaluation of various chemical ingredients or formulations used in cosmetics and drugs.

译文

开发了革兰氏阴性菌大肠杆菌 (dh5α 菌株) 作为光毒性的替代测试系统。使用该测试系统检查了八种药物 (抗生素) 和化妆品 (八种面霜) 的光毒性。使用五种已知的光毒性化合物来验证测试系统。通过琼脂凝胶扩散测定法测试了UVA辐射诱导的这些化合物的光毒性。菌落形成单位 (CFU) 的减少被视为光毒性的终点。在暴露于UVA辐射 (5.4-10.8 J/cm(2)) 下,光毒性化合物和抗生素在80微克/毫升浓度下产生显著的CFU降低 (p<0.001)。发现一种面霜具有光毒性,并且在UVA暴露 (10.8 J/cm(2)) 下,在1.0mg/ml浓度下,大肠杆菌的CFU显着降低。通过圆盘扩散试验观察大肠杆菌的生长抑制,确定了四环素的最小有效浓度和UVA辐射剂量。观察结果表明,大肠杆菌可以用作化学物质光毒性评估的替代测试系统。需要一组测试系统来得出化学试剂的毒性/光毒性。鉴于大肠杆菌具有速度快、容易、灵敏度高、成本低等特点,将其作为用于化妆品和药品中各种化学成分或制剂安全性评价的光毒性研究的替代试验体系之一。

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