The sensorimotor cortical system undergoes structural and functional changes across its lifespan. Some of these changes are physiological and parallel the normal aging process, while others might represent pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative disorders. In the last years, the study of possible age-related modifications in brain sensorimotor functional characteristics has been the focus of several research projects. Here we have used the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-electroencephalography (EEG) navigated co-registration to investigate the influence of physiological aging on the excitability and connectivity of the human sensorimotor cortical system. To this end, we compared the TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) collected after stimulating the dominant primary motor cortex (M1) in healthy young subjects (mean age 24.5years) with those collected in healthy older adults (mean age 67.6years). We have shown that, after stimulation of the left motor cortex, TEPs are significantly affected by physiological aging. This phenomenon has a clear spatio-temporal specificity and we speculate that normal aging per se leads to some changes in the excitability of specific cortical neural assemblies whereas other alterations could reflect compensatory mechanisms to such changes.

译文

感觉运动皮层系统在其整个生命周期内经历结构和功能变化。其中一些变化是生理性的,与正常的衰老过程平行,而另一些变化可能代表神经退行性疾病的病理生理机制。在过去的几年中,对大脑感觉运动功能特征中可能与年龄相关的修饰的研究一直是一些研究项目的重点。在这里,我们使用经颅磁刺激 (TMS)-脑电图 (EEG) 导航的共同配准来研究生理衰老对人感觉运动皮层系统的兴奋性和连通性的影响。为此,我们比较了在健康的年轻受试者 (平均年龄24.5岁) 中刺激显性初级运动皮层 (M1) 后收集的TMS诱发EEG电位 (TEPs) 与在健康的老年人 (平均年龄67.6岁) 中收集的TMS诱发EEG电位 (TEPs)。我们已经表明,在刺激左运动皮层后,tep受到生理衰老的显着影响。这种现象具有明显的时空特异性,我们推测正常衰老本身会导致特定皮质神经组件的兴奋性发生某些变化,而其他变化可能反映出这种变化的补偿机制。

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