The efficacy of cognitive behavioral treatments (CBT) for anxiety in adults has been supported by multiple meta-analyses. However, most have focused on only 1 diagnosis, thereby disallowing diagnostic comparisons. This study examined the efficacy of CBT across the anxiety disorders. One hundred eight trials of CBT for an anxiety disorder met study criteria. Cognitive therapy and exposure therapy alone, in combination, or combined with relaxation training, were efficacious across the anxiety disorders, with no differential efficacy for any treatment components for any specific diagnoses. However, when comparing across diagnoses, outcomes for generalized anxiety disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder were superior to those for social anxiety disorder, but no other differences emerged. CBT effects were superior to those for no-treatment and expectancy control treatments, although tentative evidence suggested equal effects of CBT when compared with relaxation-only treatments.

译文

认知行为治疗 (CBT) 对成年人焦虑的功效已得到多项荟萃分析的支持。然而,大多数只关注1个诊断,因此不允许进行诊断比较。这项研究检查了CBT在焦虑症中的功效。针对焦虑症的CBT试验达到了研究标准。单独使用认知疗法和暴露疗法,或与放松训练相结合,在焦虑症中是有效的,对于任何特定诊断的任何治疗成分都没有不同的功效。然而,当比较各种诊断时,广泛焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍的结果优于社交焦虑症,但没有其他差异。CBT效果优于无治疗和预期对照治疗,尽管初步证据表明CBT与仅松弛治疗相比具有相同的效果。

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