HIV subtypes B, F, and BF recombinants have been previously reported in South America. This report describes the presence of HIV-1 subtype C infection in the countries of Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay dating back to at least 1999. Surveillance for uncommon non-B/non-F subtype viruses circulating in South America has been conducted in samples obtained from nine countries. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), dried filter paper (FP), and fresh blood (FB) samples were collected from HIV-positive patients from Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Chile, Bolivia, Argentina, Uruguay, and Paraguay. From a total of 2962 HIV seropositive samples examined during a 9-year period (1995-2003), only 11 (0.4%) were found to be infected with non-B/non-F HIV variants. Eight of these 11 strains were determined to be subtype C by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). Five of these 8 strains were further characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the protease (Pro) and reverse transcriptase (RT) region of the genome and two were sequenced full length. One of the strains was found to be a unique BC recombinant. The spread of a third subtype of HIV, subtype C, should raise the question of its potential future role in the HIV epidemic in this region.

译文

HIV亚型B,F和BF重组体以前在南美已有报道。该报告描述了至少可追溯到1999年的阿根廷,乌拉圭和巴拉圭国家中存在的HIV-1亚型C感染。在从9个国家/地区获得的样本中,对在南美流行的罕见非B/非F亚型病毒进行了监测。从厄瓜多尔,哥伦比亚,委内瑞拉,秘鲁,智利,玻利维亚,阿根廷,乌拉圭和巴拉圭的HIV阳性患者中收集了外周血单核细胞 (PBMC),干滤纸 (FP) 和新鲜血液 (FB) 样本。在9年 (1995-2003年) 期间检查的总共2962个HIV血清阳性样本中,发现只有11个 (0.4% 个) 感染了非B/非F HIV变体。通过异源双链迁移率测定 (HMA) 确定了这11个菌株中的8个为C亚型。通过对基因组的蛋白酶 (Pro) 和逆转录酶 (RT) 区域进行测序和系统发育分析,进一步表征了这8个菌株中的5个,并对2个进行了全长测序。发现其中一种菌株是独特的BC重组体。艾滋病毒的第三种亚型C亚型的传播应引起其在该地区艾滋病毒流行中的潜在未来作用的问题。

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