Recent studies have suggested that paediatric influenza is a greater medical problem than usually thought because it can cause excess hospitalisations, medical visits, and antibiotic prescriptions even in healthy children, especially those under 2 years. Furthermore, influenza in otherwise healthy children may have substantial socioeconomic consequences for the children and their household contacts. These findings have led many experts to encourage the more widespread use of influenza vaccine in childhood. Although the immunogenicity of the available vaccines is good and they are safe, well-tolerated, and highly effective in preventing influenza and its complications, economic data support universal vaccination only when indirect effectiveness is considered. However, infants aged 6-23 months, children with recurrent acute otitis media or respiratory-tract infections, and healthy children attending day-care centres or elementary schools should be included among the paediatric groups requiring vaccination.

译文

最近的研究表明,儿科流感是一个比通常认为的更大的医疗问题,因为即使在健康的儿童中,尤其是2岁以下的儿童,它也会导致过多的住院,就诊和抗生素处方。此外,其他健康儿童的流感可能会对儿童及其家庭接触者产生重大的社会经济影响。这些发现使许多专家鼓励在儿童时期更广泛地使用流感疫苗。尽管现有疫苗的免疫原性良好,并且它们安全,耐受性良好且在预防流感及其并发症方面非常有效,但经济数据仅在考虑间接有效性时才支持通用疫苗接种。但是,需要接种疫苗的儿科人群应包括6-23个月大的婴儿,患有复发性急性中耳炎或呼吸道感染的儿童以及在日托中心或小学上学的健康儿童。

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