Bronchiectasis has been defined as the abnormal and permanent dilation of bronchi. It has a variety of causes and has traditionally been viewed as a condition that is irreversible, often progressive and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In the past, patients had relatively advanced disease by the time the diagnosis was established. By using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scanning of the chest, the potential now exists for the much earlier detection and treatment of children with lesser degrees of bronchial dilation and bronchial wall thickening than was previously possible. In some, the HRCT changes have been seen to improve or completely resolve. This calls into question exactly what now should be termed bronchiectasis and how the parents of children with such HRCT findings should be counselled about the likely prognosis and the necessary or desirable treatment options.

译文

支气管扩张被定义为支气管的异常和永久性扩张。它有多种原因,传统上被视为一种不可逆转的疾病,通常是渐进性的,并伴有显著的发病率和死亡率。过去,在诊断确定时,患者已患有相对晚期的疾病。通过对胸部进行高分辨率计算机断层扫描 (HRCT) 扫描,现在有可能比以前更早地检测和治疗支气管扩张和支气管壁增厚程度较小的儿童。在某些情况下,HRCT的变化已被改善或完全解决。这使人们质疑现在应该将什么称为支气管扩张,以及应如何向具有这种HRCT发现的儿童的父母提供有关可能的预后以及必要或理想的治疗选择的建议。

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