Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder, in which patients experience an abnormal sense of self. While deficits in sensorimotor self-representation (agency) are well documented in schizophrenia, less is known about other aspects of bodily self-representation (body ownership). Here, we tested a large cohort (N = 59) of chronic schizophrenia patients and matched controls (N = 30) on a well-established body illusion paradigm, the Full Body Illusion (FBI). In this paradigm, changes in body ownership are induced through prolonged multisensory stimulation, in which participants are stroked on their back while seeing the stroking on the back of a virtual body. When the felt and seen stroking are synchronous, participants typically feel higher identification with the seen body as well as a drift in self-location towards it. However, when the stroking is asynchronous, no such changes occur. Our results show no evidence for abnormal body ownership in schizophrenia patients. A meta-analysis of previous work corroborates this result. Thus, while schizophrenia patients may be impaired in the sense of agency, their multisensory bodily self-representation, as tested here, seems to be unaffected by the illness.

译文

精神分裂症是一种严重的精神疾病,患者会经历异常的自我意识。虽然精神分裂症中有充分记录了感觉运动自我表示 (代理) 的缺陷,但对身体自我表示 (身体所有权) 的其他方面知之甚少。在这里,我们测试了一个大型队列 (N = 59) 的慢性精神分裂症患者和匹配的对照组 (N = 30) 在一个完善的身体错觉范例,即全身错觉 (FBI) 上。在这种范例中,身体所有权的变化是通过长时间的多感官刺激引起的,在这种刺激中,参与者在看到虚拟身体背面的抚摸时被抚摸。当毛毡和看见的抚摸同步时,参与者通常会对所看见的身体产生更高的认同感,并会自我定位。但是,当行程是异步的时,不会发生此类更改。我们的结果没有证据表明精神分裂症患者的身体所有权异常。对先前工作的荟萃分析证实了这一结果。因此,尽管精神分裂症患者在代理意义上可能会受到损害,但正如这里所测试的那样,他们的多感官身体自我表现似乎不受疾病的影响。

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