Chewing of areca nuts is quite popular in various regions worldwide. Previous studies have demonstrated the pharmacological and toxicological effects of fresh areca nuts. However, processed areca nuts, which are popular in the Hunan province of China, have not been extensively studied for its biological effect. This study aimed at investigating the impact of the acrea nut extracts (ANE) prepared from the raw material, the semi-product, and the final product on the immune system and inflammation-related markers in the Kunming mice. The mice were assigned to seven different groups and administered different ANE at two concentrations (1X and 5X) for four weeks. Total body weight gain and organ coefficient of the liver, spleen, and kidney, as well as the immune system and inflammation-related markers were evaluated. The results revealed that processed areca nuts have a much milder effect on the mice immune system and some inflammatory markers than fresh areca nut in the Kunming mice. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Chewing various forms of areca nuts is popular in China, Southeast Asia, and other regions. People from Hunan, China prefer to chew a processed areca nut, which has rarely been studied. This manuscript explores the effects of three kinds of areca nut extracts on the immune system- and inflammation-related indicators in Kunming mice. The obtained results revealed that processed areca nuts had significantly milder effects than the raw nut/nut extract, particularly on the body weight, immune responses, and inflammatory markers. The results of the present study provide some new directions for the areca nut industry and raise public awareness for the undesirable effects of areca nuts.

译文

:槟榔的咀嚼在全球各个地区都非常流行。先前的研究表明新鲜槟榔的药理和毒理作用。然而,在中国湖南省很流行的槟榔加工后的坚果由于其生物学作用尚未得到广泛的研究。这项研究的目的是调查由原料,半成品和最终产品制成的鹰嘴豆提取物(ANE)对昆明小鼠免疫系统和炎症相关标记的影响。将小鼠分为七个不同的组,并以两种浓度(1X和5X)施用不同的ANE,持续四个星期。评估了肝脏,脾脏和肾脏的总体重增加和器官系数,以及免疫系统和炎症相关标记。结果表明,与昆明小鼠新鲜槟榔相比,加工后的槟榔对小鼠免疫系统和某些炎症标志物的影响要轻得多。实际应用:咀嚼各种形式的槟榔在中国,东南亚和其他地区非常流行。来自中国湖南的人们更喜欢咀嚼一种加工过的槟榔,这一点鲜有研究。该手稿探讨了三种槟榔提取物对昆明小鼠免疫系统和炎症相关指标的影响。获得的结果表明,加工的槟榔比生坚果/坚果提取物具有明显更温和的作用,特别是在体重,免疫反应和炎症标记上。本研究的结果为槟榔产业提供了一些新的方向,并提高了公众对槟榔的不良影响的认识。

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