Malaria control is compromised worldwide by continuously evolving drug-resistant strains of the parasite demanding exploration of natural resources for developing newer antimalarials. The northeastern region of India is endemic for malaria characterized by high prevalence of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Many plants are used by the indigenous communities living in the northeast India in their traditional system of medicine for the treatment of malarial fever. Folklore claim of antimalarial property of one such plant Brucea mollis was evaluated in vitro and in vivo for antiplasmodial activity. Crude extracts from dried B. mollis root powder were prepared through soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether, methanol, and water sequentially. Methanol extract was further partitioned between chloroform and water. These extracts were tested in vitro against laboratory-adapted chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum. In in vitro evaluation, extracts were found more active on the chloroquine-sensitive strain. Methanolic-chloroform (IC(50) 5.1 μg ml(-1)) and methanolic-aqueous (IC(50) 13.9 μg ml(-1)) extracts recorded significant in vitro antiplasmodial activity which was also supported by their promising in vivo activity (ED(50) 72 and 30 mg kg(-1) bw day(-1), respectively) against chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium yoelli N-67 strain in Swiss albino mice. Methanolic-aqueous extract-treated mice survived on average for 14 days that was comparable to the reference drug chloroquine. This is the first report of antiplasmodial activity of B. mollis validating the traditional use of this plant as antimalarial in the northeast India and calls for further detailed investigations.

译文

疟疾的控制在全球范围内受到不断发展的寄生虫耐药菌株的影响,需要开发自然资源来开发新型抗疟药。印度东北地区是疟疾的地方病,其特征是耐药性恶性疟原虫菌株的高流行。生活在印度东北部的土著社区使用许多植物的传统医学系统来治疗疟疾。在体外和体内评估了一种此类植物布鲁斯软体动物的抗疟疾特性的民俗学说。通过依次使用石油醚,甲醇和水进行索氏提取,从干燥的B. mollis根粉中提取粗制物。甲醇提取物进一步在氯仿和水之间分配。这些提取物在体外针对恶性疟原虫的实验室适应性对氯喹敏感和耐氯喹的菌株进行了测试。在体外评估中,发现提取物对氯喹敏感菌株更具活性。甲醇-氯仿(IC(50)5.1μgml(-1))和甲醇-水(IC(50)13.9μgml(-1))提取物记录到显着的体外抗血浆活性,其有希望的体内活性也支持(分别针对ED(50)72和30 mg kg(-1)bw day(-1))对抗瑞士白化病小鼠中对氯喹耐药的约氏疟原虫N-67株。甲醇-水提取物处理的小鼠平均存活14天,与参考药物氯喹相当。这是印度软体动物的抗疟原虫活性的首次报道,证实了该植物在印度东北部作为抗疟药的传统用途,并要求进行进一步的详细研究。

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