Understanding the Tibetan Plateau's palaeogeography and palaeoenvironment is critical for reconstructing Asia's climatic history; however, aspects of the plateau's uplift history remain unclear. Here, we report a fossil biota that sheds new light on these issues. It comprises a fossil climbing perch (Anabantidae) and a diverse subtropical fossil flora from the Chattian (late Oligocene) of central Tibet. The fish, Eoanabas thibetana gen. et sp. nov., is inferred to be closely related to extant climbing perches from tropical lowlands in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. It has osteological correlates of a labyrinth organ, which in extant climbing perches gives them the ability to breathe air to survive warm, oxygen-poor stagnant waters or overland excursion under moist condition. This indicates that Eoanabas likewise lived in a warm and humid environment as suggested by the co-existing plant assemblage including palms and golden rain trees among others. As a palaeoaltimeter, this fossil biota suggests an elevation of ca. 1,000 m. These inferences conflict with conclusions of a high and dry Tibet claimed by some recent and influential palaeoaltimetry studies. Our discovery prompts critical re-evaluation of prevailing uplift models of the plateau and their temporal relationships with the Cenozoic climatic changes.

译文

:了解青藏高原的古地理和古环境对于重建亚洲的气候历史至关重要;然而,高原隆升历史的各个方面仍不清楚。在这里,我们报告了一个化石生物群,为这些问题提供了新的思路。它包括一个化石攀登栖息处(Anabantidae)和一个来自西藏中部查特(晚渐新世)的亚热带化石植物群。鱼,Eoanabas thibetana gen。等据推测,11月与南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲热带低地现存的攀爬栖息地密切相关。它具有迷宫器官的骨学相关性,在现存的攀爬栖息处,它们具有呼吸空气的能力,能够在潮湿的条件下在温暖,缺氧的死水或陆上运动中生存。这表明Eoanabas同样生活在温暖和潮湿的环境中,这是由并存的植物组合(包括棕榈树和金色雨树)所暗示的。作为古海拔高度计,该化石生物群暗示着海拔大约为。 1,000 m这些推论与最近和有影响力的古时空研究所声称的高度干旱的西藏的结论相矛盾。我们的发现促使人们对现有的高原隆升模型及其与新生代气候变化的时间关系进行重新评估。

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