The event rates up to 1 year after insertion of a Copper-T IUD were compared in 76 women who had 1 or more cesarean sections, and were given their IUD immediately after medical termination of pregnancy, and in 76 women matched for age and parity but normal vaginal deliveries. The cesarean group had abortion performed under general anesthesia; the vaginal group had iv diazepam and paracervical block. All subjects were less than 11 weeks gestation. They were followed up at 7 days, 6 weeks, and 3 monthly intervals for 1 year. No perforations or pregnancies occurred. Incomplete abortion caused expulsion in 2.6% of women in both groups, and removal in 6.5 and 5.3%, in the cesarean and control groups respectively, and was responsible for most discontinuations. It was concluded that IUD insertion is safe after medical termination of pregnancy in women with a history of cesarean section, depending on the skill of the surgeon.