STUDY OBJECTIVE:We determine the effect of the duration of emergency department (ED) observation on computed tomography (CT) rate for children with minor blunt head trauma. METHODS:We performed a prospective cohort study of children with blunt head trauma and a Glasgow Coma Scale score greater than 14. We defined time from injury as the time from head injury to initial physician (emergency attending physician or fellow) assessment. For children who were observed in the ED before CT decisionmaking, we defined ED observation time as time from initial physician assessment to the decision whether to obtain a CT. After adjusting for time from injury, patient age, sex, physician type, and study month, we measured the effect of ED observation time on CT rate in each of the 3 Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network Traumatic Brain Injury risk groups. RESULTS:Of the 1,605 eligible patients, we enrolled 1,381 (86%). Of the enrolled patients, 676 (49%) were observed in the ED and 272 (20%) had a CT performed. After adjustment, every hour of ED observation time was associated with a decrease in CT rate for children in all 3 traumatic brain injury risk groups: high risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.24), intermediate risk (adjusted OR 0.28; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.36), and low risk (adjusted OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.31 to 0.73). All 8 children with a significant traumatic brain injury had an immediate CT. CONCLUSION:For children with minor blunt head trauma, ED observation time was associated with a time-dependent reduction in cranial CT rate, with no delay in the diagnosis of a significant traumatic brain injury.

译文

目的:我们确定急诊科(ED)观察时间对轻度颅脑外伤儿童的X线计算机断层扫描(CT)率的影响。
方法:我们对钝性头部外伤且格拉斯哥昏迷量表评分大于14的儿童进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。我们将受伤后的时间定义为从头部受伤到最初的医师(急诊医师或同伴)评估的时间。对于在做出CT决策之前在ED中进行观察的儿童,我们将ED观察时间定义为从最初的医师评估到决定是否获得CT的时间。在调整了受伤,患者年龄,性别,医师类型和研究月份的时间后,我们在3个儿科急诊应用研究网络创伤性脑损伤风险组中的每一个中测量了ED观察时间对CT率的影响。
结果:在1,605名合格患者中,我们招募了1,381名(86%)。在入组患者中,在ED中观察到676例(49%),并且进行了CT的272例(20%)。调整后,在所有三个创伤性脑损伤风险组中,儿童每小时的ED观察时间与儿童CT率降低相关:高风险(校正后的优势比[OR] 0.11; 95%置信区间[CI] 0.05至0.24) ,中等风险(调整后的OR为0.28; 95%CI为0.21至0.36)和低风险(调整后的OR为0.47; 95%CI为0.31至0.73)。所有8名患有严重颅脑外伤的儿童均立即进行了CT检查。
结论:对于轻微钝性颅脑外伤的儿童,ED观察时间与颅内CT率的时间依赖性降低有关,而对严重颅脑外伤的诊断没有延迟。

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