AIMS:The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of stress, depression, and intention to leave among clinical nurses employed in different medical units in relation to their demographic characteristics under the National Health Insurance (NHI) System in Taiwan. METHODS:Cross-sectional Spearman's correlation, one-way ANOVA with Scheffe post hoc analysis tests, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Several self-report questionnaires, such as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale and Intention to Leave Scale, were administered. A total of 314 research participants were surveyed, all of whom came from regional hospitals in Northern Taiwan. RESULTS:Marital status and working tenure were significant predictors to the levels of stress, depression, and intention to leave among nurses before taking the medical units into consideration. However, with adding medical units as predictors, the effect of marital status and working tenure were insignificant except for the stress model, indicating medical units were showing dominant effect over other variables. In particular, internal medical ward (IMW) nurses experienced a higher prevalence of depression than emergency room (ER) nurses and professional nursing practitioners. External medical ward (EMW) nurses also experienced greater depression than emergency room (ER) nurses. Both IMW and EMW nurses perceived significantly greater stress than ER and dialysis center. Moreover, IMW nurses also perceived greater stress than operating room (OR) nurses and showed stronger intention to leave than their counterparts in the outpatient service departments. CONCLUSIONS:The results indicated that significant differences existed among various medical units with regards to nurses' stress, depression, and intention to leave. Nurses working in internal and external medical wards, especially the inexperienced and married ones, experienced greater depression and stress, thereby developing stronger intention to leave their job.

译文

目的:本研究的目的是比较台湾国民健康保险(NHI)体制下不同医疗单位聘用的临床护士的压力,抑郁和离职意愿与他们的人口统计学特征之间的关系。
方法:采用横断面Spearman相关性,单因素方差分析与Scheffe事后分析检验,并进行多元回归分析。管理了一些自我报告调查表,例如流行病学研究中心抑郁量表,知觉压力量表和离职意向量表。总共对314名研究参与者进行了调查,他们全部来自台湾北部的地区医院。
结果:在考虑医疗单位之前,婚姻状况和工作任期是护士压力,抑郁和离职意愿的重要预测指标。但是,通过增加医疗单位作为预测指标,除压力模型外,婚姻状况和工作任期的影响均不显着,这表明医疗单位比其他变量表现出主导作用。特别是,内科病房(IMW)护士比急诊室(ER)护士和专业护理从业人员患抑郁症的几率更高。外部医疗病房(EMW)护士也比急诊室(ER)护士经历了更大的抑郁症。 IMW和EMW护士都比ER和透析中心感觉到更大的压力。此外,IMW护士比手术室(OR)护士承受的压力更大,并且比门诊部门的护士表现出更大的离职意愿。
结论:结果表明,各个医疗单位之间在护士的压力,抑郁和离职意向方面存在显着差异。在内部和外部医疗病房中工作的护士,尤其是经验不足和已婚的护士,承受更大的压力和压力,因此更倾向于离开工作岗位。

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