OBJECTIVE:To describe the ritual and ethnobotanical treatments about migraine performed by shamans from several native cultures. METHODS:Anthropological field study conducted with Tzeltal Maya (Mexico), Kamayurá (Brazil), and Uru-Chipaya (Bolivia) American Indians. RESULTS:Migraine is called yaxti-wanjol chawaj by Tzeltal shamans. They wash the head of the patient with an herbal solution to treat headache. The boiled leaves of a shrub called payté wamal (Tagetes nelsonii) are used to relieve migraine. Migraine is called monkey's disease by Kamayurá natives. The disease is originated by the revenge of the killed monkey's spirit, striking to Kamayurá hunter on his head. It is treated with an herbal infusion applied in the eyes of the patient. Migraine is called eskeclamix by Chipaya people, and is treated by drinking the cañahua plant (Chenopodium palludicale) boiled with water. The patient's head may also be washed with shaman's fermented urine. CONCLUSIONS:Cultural equivalents of migraine exist in the healing system of isolated American cultures.

译文

目的:描述来自几种本土文化的萨满祭司对偏头痛的礼仪和民族植物学治疗。
方法:对Tzeltal Maya(墨西哥),Kamayurá(巴西)和Uru-Chipaya(玻利维亚)的美洲印第安人进行了人类学现场研究。
结果:偏头痛被特泽塔尔萨满(Tzeltal Shamans)称为yaxti-wanjol chawaj。他们用草药溶液冲洗患者的头部,以治疗头痛。称为paytéwamal(Tagetes nelsonii)的灌木的煮沸的叶子用于缓解偏头痛。偏头痛被卡马尤拉人称为猴子病。该病源于被杀死的猴子的精神报复,袭击了卡马尤拉(Kamayurá)猎人的头部。通过在患者眼睛中使用草药输液进行治疗。奇帕亚人称偏头痛为eskeclamix,通过喝水煮沸的卡纳瓦植物(Chenopodium palludicale)来治疗。病人的头部也可以用萨满发酵的尿液清洗。
结论:偏头痛的文化等同物存在于孤立的美国文化的康复系统中。

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